Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ATLS > MSK trauma > Flashcards

MSK trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Control of arterial bleed

A

Move down this ladder:

  1. Apply direct pressure to the vessel
  2. Apply pressure dressing using a stack of gauze
  3. Apply manual pressure to the proximal vessel
  4. Consider tourniquet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tourniquet application technique

A

Tighten enough to stop bleeding: needs to stop arterial pressure as occluding only venous can cause haemorrhage and result in swollen, cyanotic extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pressures up to what level may required to stop bleeding in upper and lower limbs

A

Upper limb could be as high as 250mmHg

Lower limb could be as high as 400mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Timing of tourniquet

A

if time to operative management is longer than 1 hr, a single attempt at deflating the tourniquet may be considered to reduce ischaemic time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Indication for arteriography in a bleeding patient

A

Only if resuscitated and stable haemodynamically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Use of vascular clamps in control of bleeding

A

Not advised unless it is a clear superficial vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Treatment of an open fracture associated with haemorrhaging wound

A

One person to apply pressure to wound whilst you reduce it under traction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Candidates for replantation

A

Patients with isolated upper limb extremity in traumatic amputations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How to transport a traumatically amputated extremity

A

Wash with hartmans

Wrap in moist sterile gauze

Wrap in moist towel

place in plastic bag in insulated cooling box, with crushed ice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ix for rhabodmyolysis

A

Myoglobin in urine

Raised CK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Role of splinting in control of haemorrhage

A

Helps as keeps structures stable, allowing haematoma formation which would stop bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Anterior shoulder dislocation appearance

A

Squared off shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Posterior shoulder dislocation

A

Locked in internal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Posterior elbow dislocation appearance

A

Olecranon prominent posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Anterior hip dislocation appearance

A

Extended

Abducted

Externally rotated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Posterior hip dislocation appearance

A

Flexed

Adducted

Internally rotated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Anteroposterior knee dislocation

A

Loss of normal contour

Extended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Subtalar dislocation appearance

A

laterally displaced calcaneus

19
Q

Lateral ankle dislocation appearance

A

Externally rotated prominent medial maelleolus

20
Q

In what scenario would you not get an x-ray before treating a dislocation

A

vascular compromise

or

impending skin breakage

21
Q

Management of open wounds

A

Remove gross contamination

Cover with a moist sterile dressing

Apply immobilisation

Abx + tetanus

22
Q

Management of a dislocated joint in presence of an associated arterial injury

A

Gentle attempts at reducing may be done

Otherwise must splint the dislocation and obtain emergency consultation

23
Q

Compartment syndrome definition

A

Increased pressure within musculofascial compartments causes ischaemia

24
Q

Compartment syndrome latest sign

A

Absence of palpable pulse

25
Q

What intracompartmental pressure could be harmful

A

Tissue pressure of greater than 30 mmHg suggests reduced capillary blood flow

26
Q

Treatment of compartment syndrome

A

fasciotomy

27
Q

Treatment of lacerations

A

Debridement and closure

If extends below fascial level, may require operative intervention

28
Q

Management of contusions

A

If seen early:

limit function

apply cold packs

29
Q

Morel-Lavallee lesion injury mechanism

A

Soft-tissue avulsion, shearing the skin from the deep fascia, allowing for significant accumulation of blood in the resulting cavity

30
Q

Risk factors for tetanus

A

Wounds >6hrs old

Contused or abraded

>1cm deep

Burns/cold

contaminated

Denervated or ischaemic

31
Q

Site of injury to ulnar nerve

A

Elbow

32
Q

Site of injury to median nerve

A

Wrist fracture

33
Q

Site of injury to anterior interosseous nerve

A

Supracondylar fracture of humerus (children)

34
Q

Site of injury to the musculocutaneous nerve

A

Anterior shoulder dislocation

35
Q

Site of injury to radial nerve

A

Distal humeral shaft

Anterior shoulder dislocation

36
Q

Site of injury to axillary nerve

A

Anterior shoulder dislocation

Proximal humerus fracture

37
Q

Site of injury to femoral nerve

A

Pubic ramus fracture

38
Q

Site of injury to obturator nerve

A

Obturator ring fracture

39
Q

Site of injury to posterior tibial nerve

A

Knee dislocation

40
Q

Site of injury to suprficial peroneal nerve

A

Fibular neck fracture

Knee dislocation

41
Q

Site of injury to deep peroneal nerve

A

Fibular neck fracture

Compartment syndrome

42
Q

Site of injury to sciatic nerve

A

Posterior hip dislocation

43
Q

Site of injury to superior gluteal nerve

A

acetabular fracture

44
Q

Site of injury to inferior gluteal nerve

A

acetabular fracture

ATLS (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions