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MSK TEST Flashcards

0
Q

The characteristic long fibers of what kind of muscle are under voluntary control allowing us to contract a muscle and move a joing?

A

skeletal muscle

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1
Q

What are the three different times of muscles?

A

cardiac

skeletal

smooth

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2
Q

What kind of pattern to the muscle fibers have?

A

fibers run parallel to the bone

fan shape 
pinnate pattern (like a leaf)
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3
Q

Where does the attachment of the muscle occur?

A

at the proximal and distal portions of the bundle

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4
Q

what attaches muscle to bone?

A

tendon

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5
Q

ligaments attach what?

A

bone to bone

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6
Q

Where does support and strength of a joint come from?

A

ligaments

important in knees, ankles and shoulder

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7
Q

What is bursa?

A

saclike structure surrounding joints and tendons containing a viscous fluid

reduces friction

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8
Q

What is a synovial sheath?

A

tubular sac surrounding a tendon

two layers

fluid separates the two layers of the sheath

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9
Q

What places does a sheath cover a tendon?

A

shoulder

hand

wrist

ankle

ex: biceps tendon of the shoulder

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10
Q

What surrounds tendons like the achilles and patellar?

A

fat layer

loose connective tissue

more difficult to image with sonography

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11
Q

What are the conduit for impulses to and from the muscles and central nervous system (CNS)

A

nerves

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12
Q

What is the gold standard for MSK?

A

MRI

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13
Q

Where is the biceps tendon located?

A

anterior surface of the humerus

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14
Q

Where is the subscapularis tendon located?

A

anterior medially on the rotator cuff

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15
Q

where is the infraspinatus tendon located?

A

posteriorly to the shoulder

16
Q

what does the supraspinatus tendon do?

A

abducts the arm at the shoulder

17
Q

What may image a sheath that is thicker than the contained tendon?

A

acute disease

18
Q

What are the two “always” of tendon scanning?

A

ALWAYS image contralateral side for comparison

ALWAYS image in two planes

19
Q

What is the strongest and thickest tendon

A

Achilles

attaching the gastrocnemius and soleus muscle

normally 5-7mm thickness, 12-15 cm in diameter

20
Q

When you are imaging INJURY in the ligament, what is the only view you use?

A

only LONGITUDINAL

trv imaging = ligament blends with surrounding fat making it little help

21
Q

What does a contraction of a muscle increase when you image in real time?

A

thickness and hypoechogenicity

22
Q

What muscle is bipennate and echogenic obliquely oriented connective tissue between the muscle bundles?

A

gastrocnemius

a small central tendon serves as the anchor

23
Q

What has a hyperechoic appearance when compared with muscle, but are hypoechoic to tendons?

A

nerves

24
Q

stopped at slide

A

26

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