MSK Terms Flashcards
ecchymosis
discoloration
hematoma
collection of blood
subluxation
partial dislocation
tendonitis
inflammation of tendon
tenosynovitis
inflammation of tendon sheath
spondylolysis
degeneration of spinal coloumn
arthritis, degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis etc
spondylolysis
defect of the pars interticularis
seen a lot at L5/L1
Stress fracture
repetitive flexion/exteion
spondylolisthesis
slippage of vertebrae
top vertebrae slips anterior to the one below it
seen in lumbar region
radicular
radiating pain
paresthesia
numbness/ tingling
dislocation
displacement of bone in relation to apposing bone at the joint
resulting in complete loss of continuity of joint surface
Joints can ___
dislocate or sublux
fracture is a
displacement / disruption In bone continuity
soft tissue swelling is..
extra-articular - outside the joint
localized
fluid not mobile
joint effusion is..
swelling intraarticular
diffuse, symmetrical and loss of joint contour
fluid is mobile
nurse maids elbow is what..
common example of peds subluxation
epiphysis
rounded end of long bone (ice cream on cone)
physis
growth plate
diaphysis
shaft (shinny part)
metaphysis
between the epiphysis and diaphysis
fractures are a disruption in the__
continuity of bone
caused by trauma or physical force
what fracture is medical emergency
open
are kids more prone to sprain or to fracture?
fracture
incomplete fracture
fracturs that do not extend through the entire bone thickness
torus is aka as..
buckle fracture - resulting from trabecular compression from axial loading force.. usually involve the distal radial metaphysis
open fracture
fracture site exposed to environment, skin penetrated
compound fracture aka
open fracture
simple gracture aka
closed fracture
transverse fracture is..
fracture propagation directly across the bone 2 cortices
oblique fracture
fracture propagation in an angle across the bone 2 cortices
spiral fracture
propagation in a spiral pattern across the bone usually from low force torsion injuries
spiral toddlers fracture
seen a lot in the tibia
- raises eyebrows for abuse
spiral fracture
Fracture propagation in a spiral pattern across the bone usually from low force torsion injuries
segmental
Two adjacent fractures with an isolated central segment
pathologic fracture
Fracture in bone weakened by an abnormal condition
- always think of malignancy
- benign cyst
- when there is bone pain complaint with no trauma history
stress fracture
Fracture occurs when activity is increased and seen primarily in weight bearing bones
- metatarsals
- tibia
when do you worry about compression fracture?
MVA - trauma
Falls
bad osteoporosis
compression fracture
Fracture of bone by two other bones (i.e. Vertebral bodies)
comminuted fracture
shattered bone, multiple fracture fragments
Salter Harris classification used for?
pediatrics
SALTR - S
slipped type 1 physis fx
SALTR A
above type II physis and metaphysis
SALTR T
through or transverse IV epi to metaphysis
SALTR R
ruined or rammed type V crush fx
SLATR L
lower type III Epiphysis and physis fx
always be ___ in the fracture care
conservative - know when to punt! Don’t treat the xray
finklestein test for..
decurivor ? veins
Thompson test for
Achilles tendon
_____ and ___ are medical emergencies
supracondylar humaral fracture
hip dislocation
arthrogram
Contrast injected into a joint to further evaluate soft tissue structures of joints before MRI, CT, or x-ray
myelogram
X-ray, CT, and contrast media used to evaluated the space b/w bone and soft tissue (i.e spine to aid in dx of HNP & Spinal stenosis)
strain
stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon
sprain
stretching or tearing of a ligament
Muscles ____, ligaments ____
muscles STRAIN, ligaments SPRAIN
Tendon
connects bone to muscle
Ligament
connects bone to bone
what is often the only clue for stress fracture on xray?
callus formation
General treatment for fx
PRICE, Meds: NSAIDS, cyclobenzapriene (flexeril), steroids
what artery are you worried about with a knee dislocation?
popliteal artery!
