MSK Pathology

Question 1

Cervical Artery Dysfunction (CAD)

Answer 1

A collective of different vascular pathologies that affect blood supply to the brain

Question 2

Types of CAD

Answer 2

Vasospasms
Atherosclerosis
Temporal Arterisis
Arterial dissection

Question 3

What can CAD cause ?

Answer 3

Cranio Cerebral Ischaemia (stroke)

Question 4

Some Risk factors of CAD

Answer 4

High Cholesterol
Hypertension
Cardiac disease
Smoking
Recent infection

Question 5

Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression (MSCC)

Answer 5

An oncological which needs precise assessment of symptoms

Question 6

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Answer 6

The formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, most commonly in leg or pelvis

Question 7

How do Infections occur

Answer 7

The entrance of foreign organisms

Question 8

Tendinopathy

Answer 8

Pain and dysfunction associated with any tendons

Question 9

Common areas affected by tendinopathy

Answer 9

Glutes
Achilles
Patella

De quervains
Medial epiconayligia
Lateral epicandylagia
Long head of bicep

Question 10

Risk factors of tendinopathy

Answer 10

Overload/ underload
Age
Previous injury genetics
Diabetes
Training

Question 12

Order of normal tender structure.

Answer 12

Tropocollagen
Fibril
Fibre
Tenocyte
Fascicle
Interfascicular Tenocyte
Tendon

Question 13

Describe the Pathology of Tendinopathy

Answer 13

Disorganisation of Collagen
- Reduces type 1 collagen fibres
- Incresse in type 3 collagen fibres
- Higher conc of immature collagen bundles

Change of ground substances
- Increased water content
- increased cross section breaks down cross fibres between collagen making the tendon weaker