MSK Exam Flashcards
Osteomalacia
1• loss of [Ca2+]
⬇️prod/defect in HA
⬇️rigidity = ⬇️Ca
2• hyperparathyroidism: ⬇️Ca2+ diet
Fuzzy thin cortex
BM cavity widens to compensate
Osteoporosis
1• disuse, Sx plate
Bone resorption
Overall removal
Sharp margin of lucency
Osteopetrosis
🚫BM cavity
Generalized ALL cortex
Defect parathyroid
Rare
Panosteitis
Viral
Idiopathic migration sclerosis in young dogs
Laminar p.rxn
1• bleeding, pus lifts periosteum
Fibers//cortical bone
⭐️sep from cortex
Palisades
🖐🏽 often sep from cortex
1• ongoing insult
Hemorr
Infx
Edema
Foamy p.rxn
⭐️connected to cortex
Insult on top periosteum
⬆️radioluc:⬆️aggression
👑infx +/- tumors
Sweeping Lysis
Very aggressive
“Erased” cortex & medulla
w/ ST swell
⬇️p.rxn
👑ST Cancer➡️bone
Bone infarct
🚫lesion at time of event➡️only PAIN
👑Type 3 lysis
Xray lesions = Healing req Q: permeative lysis & sclerosis
Extreme aggressive dis
Hyaline cartilage jt
Physeal plates
🐶ulna: cone ➡️prone to injury & harder to heal
Fibro-carti jt
Intervertebral discs
Annulus fibrosis
Nucleus pulp
Fibrous jt
Syndesmosis: connecting 2 ends of bone
Temporohyoid jt➡️ fibrous band
Suture: 💀 held rigid by dense fib bands
⬇️stress w/slight motility: ⬇️P pt
Gomphosis: interdigitate jt : ⬇️stress
Tooth in socket
Diarthroidal jt
Bw 2+ bones w/hyaline carti
Synovial fl
Stifle/TMJ have menisci too
Sublux
1• dev, not direct trauma
Stress on 1pt of cartilage➡️syn fl out
➡️direct cartilage-cartilage contact
Cr crux lig rupture
Medial Butress Sign
Thicken medial collateral lig to stabalize
Elbow dysplasia
FUCD
FMCP
Ununited aconeal process
Cong elbow malart
Dev ab: mis-sync
HOD
NOT vit C def
Inflam/bact
👑double physeal line
Laminar p.rxn➡️deforms
Looks like scurvy
Tx: GCC & Abx
HO
Hypertrophic OsteoPATHY
Mass in thorax (granuloma/neop)
👑palisades
🚫cortex changes
Avaxial/lateral
1• distal diaphysis of long bones
Osteochondrosis dissicans
Rapid growth➡️Ischemic necrosis pf dev epihyseal cartilage
Bilat/multi jt
1• young Lg breeds ➡️ ALL spp
End of puberty
Sclerosis around defect
Type 1a lysis
Ischemic necrosis
Apple core 🍏
Acute onset, very painful, 1w to see lesions
Femoral neck susc to fractures
Sclerotic line
1• sm breeds
4🚺:1🚹
Osteosarcoma in general
Looks like atomic bomb gas cloud💨
Type 1c lysis
➡️Incomplete fracture
Avascular non-union
Tapers➡️atrophy bone
🚫callus attempt
Fixation too rigid
1• antebrachium
Hypertrophic non-union
Excessive motion
✏️ & ☕️
Rounded off
Sclerotic cup=pseudoarthrosis
Pseudoarticulation
Osteomyelitis
🐭 bite lysis: chewed out
Sclerosis (type 1a lysis)
Foamy/pallisades
Diffuse STS
short transition
🚫change cortex
See multi bone 🔼 then ST swell 2wks
MC 🐄🐎
dDx: HOD
Osteosarcoma
Type 1c margins lysis Cortex fragments & displaced 🏝of calcification/bone LONG zone of transition 1• arise medulla 🚫x-jt space
👑angle of cogmans
2• ST Tumor
🚫p rxn
ST Swell
Sweeping lysis
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen
Spondylosis deformans
MC degen dis
1• stress pt
Bony bridges ventral & lat
Sev SD ➡️fuse
Pinches Nn roots
Severe: DISH
Infx spondylitis
🎯vert body➡️ rntral prolif ☁️ 🐺tail FB inhaled 1• Ca TL Painful upon palpation Abcess
Sx & Abx
Disco spondylitis
🎯disc space
1• blood-borne Factult ANAerobe
Staph/strep/brucella
Chronic back pain
👑Sclerosis endplates (type 1A)
Bull dog spine 🐶
Hemivert TL- wedges
SCa fusion/block vert
Butterfly vert- div v.body
Weakens spine if in a row
Degen disc dis
⬆️Calcifi iv disc
⬇️disc space
⬇️size iv foramen
⬆️opacity iv foramen