MSK exam 1 Flashcards
What are the 4 types of tissue
Nervous, epithelial , muscle and connective
4 types of connective tissue
ct proper, cartilage, bone, blood
2 types of ct proper
loose and dense/fibrous
3 types of loose ct
areolar, adipose, reticular
3 types of dense ct
regular, irregular, elastic
3 types of cartilage
hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
what are the 4 stages on the stress-strain curve
toe or slack, elastic, plastic, and failure
what happens to a tissue during the elastic stage
the tissue moves throughout its available range
what happens in the plastic stage
the properties of the tissue are changed which can be beneficial for stretching
what happens in the failure stage
pushed past the plastic range so the property changes to a tissue become more permanent and are the cause of tears or fractures
what are the 3 stages/phases of healing
acute inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling
what marks the acute inflammatory phase of healing
it has a heavy cellular and vascular component and occurs immediately post injury for up to 10 days (we say 4-6)
what marks the proliferative phase
fibroplasia, collagen, and angiogenesis (growth of BVs) and days 10-21
what marks the remodeling phase
consolidation which occurs days 21-60 and maturation days 60 and on where the tissue becomes completely healed
clinical presentation of acute inflammatory stage
high irritability (pain), heat, redness, swelling, decrease ROM, muscle spasm/inhibition
clinical presentation of proliferative stage
moderate irritability, (no pain at rest, pain at end range and muscle guarding, increased ROM but need full for strength
clinical presentation of remodeling stage
low irritability, residual weakness and limitations in ROM, diminished neuromuscular control and proprioception
muscle mechanism and healing
M: strain (1st 2nd 3rd degree) contusion (intra vs inter muscular) and delayed onset muscle soreness
H: generally good with variability (possibly lose elasticity)
tendon mechanism and healing
M: rupture from overuse or trauma, tendinopathy grades 1-5
H: complicated (not good more distal part of tendon) may need surgery
ligament mechanism and healing
M: sprain grade 1, 2, 3
H: varies severity and location, lingering deficits and may need surgery, immobilization will weaken
cartilage mechnism and healing
M: degenerative or injury (tear)
H: no inflammation bc poor bloodflow
bone mechanism and healing
M: fracture (stress or trauma)
H: operative or non but generally good outcome bc good blood flow
exception bones to good healing
scaphoid, fifth met, head of femur, anything with cancerous mets
how are bone fractures named
for the distal sides displacement location (medial/ lateral)
