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OSPE prep > MSK conditions > Flashcards

MSK conditions Flashcards

1
Q

what is radiculopathy?

A

Compression or irritation of the nerve root as it leave the CNS. Most likely unilateral

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2
Q

what is myelopathy

A

M=Middle
compression of the spinal cord within the spinal column. As it is compressed in the middle the nerves below may also be affected.

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3
Q

Symptoms of radiculopathy

A

arm pain = shooting
sensory loss
unilateral motor weakness

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4
Q

Symptoms of myelopathy

A

upper and lower limb issues
pain
motor weakness
balance and gait issue

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5
Q

what are myopathies

A

umbrella term for a disease that affects voluntary muscle

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6
Q

What causes myopathies

A

inflammation to the muscle
diseases
drugs
hereditary

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7
Q

Symptoms of Myopathies

A

muscle weakness
motor delay
respiratory issues
usually no sensory loss
usually no absent reflexes

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8
Q

what is rotator cuff dysfunction

A

reduced space in glenohumeral joint

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9
Q

what tendon is most affected by rotor cuff dysfunction?

A

supraspinatus

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10
Q

how is a rotor cuff dysfunction happen?

A

compression, overuse or irritation

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11
Q

Biceps tendinopathy

A

inflammation of the biceps tendon

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12
Q

state 2 reasons why for biceps tendinopathy

A
  • overuse, irritation, load
  • compensating for the posterior chain. They are strong but painful. The shoulders are protracted
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13
Q

Frozen shoulder

A

Excessive fibrous in shoulder capsule

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14
Q

Main objective symptoms of rotor cuff dysfunction

A

pain or weakness in:
abduct - sub
ext rot - infra
ext rot - teres
inter rot - sup

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15
Q

Main objective symptoms of biceps tendinopathy

A

pain and weakness in elbow flexion and supination

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16
Q

Main objective symptoms of frozen shoulder

A

active = passive
stiffness
external rotation is more affected

17
Q

what is Iliopsoas Syndrome

A

irritation or overuse of the tendons in anterior hip joint

18
Q

What muscles are key for treatment of Iliopsoas Syndrome

A

hip + glutes

19
Q

OA symptoms

A

Stiffness
Reduced ROM
change in biomechanics/gait
morning stiffness >30 mins
worsens with activity

20
Q

FAI, femoroacetabular impingement

A

Premature contact of femur and acetabular, they don’t click together

21
Q

FAI, femoroacetabular impingement symptoms

A

motion related
clicking and locking

22
Q

Tennis elbow

A

tendinopathy of the common extensor tendon

23
Q

tennis elbow symptoms

A

pain on the lateral epicondyle
pain of wrist extension

24
Q

what causes tennis elbow

A

excessing gripping or twisting activities twisting

25
Q

what are the symptoms of the common extensor rupture

A

inflammation
pain
swelling
weakness in wrist extension

26
Q

what is radial tunnel syndrome and its symptoms

A

Mechanical compression of the radial nerve.
sensory: Posterior forearm, and lateral hand
Motor: triceps and wrist extension

27
Q

What is peroneal tendinopathy and it’s symptoms

A

Inflammation of a peroneal tendon.
- Pain in perineal muscles
- Eversion and plantarflexion

28
Q

What is Sinus Tarsi Syndrome and it’s symptoms

A

Small tunnel that goes in between calcanues and talus becomes compressed. The synovial membrane becomes inflamed.
- pain on eversion + inversion
-localised pain in the sinus tarsi
- overpronated foot

29
Q

What is a lateral ligament strain and it’s symptoms

A

lateral ligaments stretch or tear due to an inversion movement of the ankle and plantarflexion.
- swelling
- reduced ROM
-tender over ATFL or CFL

30
Q

what are the three ligaments involved in the lateral sprain of the ankle

A

anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) and the posterior talofibular ligaments (PTFL)

31
Q

What causes a meniscal tear and it’s symptoms

A

contact sport, forceful twist or rotation, degeneration of knee joint.
- joint line pain
- popping or clicking
- stiffness
- limited swelling
-locked feeling
-reduced / pain knee extension

32
Q

ACL causes and symptoms

A

non contact sports, rapid movements such as twisting or turning.
- global pain
- pop or snap
- unstable
- lots of swelling

33
Q

PCL causes and symptoms

A

forced hyperflexion of knee, landing on bent knee, contact sports
- deep pain at the back of the knee
- Reduced ROM
- swelling

34
Q

MCL causes and symptoms

A

direct trauma to lateral side of the knee, twisting or pivoting.
- swelling on medial knee
-

35
Q

LCL causes and symptoms

A

direct trauma to inside of the knee, twisting or pivoting.

36
Q

Patella tendinopathy causes and symptoms

A

Over use of the patella tendon: jumping , running, kicking.
Poor hamstring or glute flexibility.
-contraction of quads (flexion of knee)
-pain at the patella

37
Q
A

OSPE prep (5 decks)

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