MSK- Chapter 47, 48, 49, 50

Question 1

Role and function of bones

Answer 1

Storage reservoir for calcium
Some bones contain the hematopoietic connective tissue where blood cells are formed

Protect internal organs
Rigid support for the extremities

Question 2

Provides movement of skeleton

Answer 2

Tendons and ligaments that join bones and joints

Question 3

Axial Skeleton

Answer 3

Bones of the skull, thorax, and vertebral column

Forms the axis of the body

Question 4

Appendicular Skeleton

Answer 4

Contains bones of the upper and lower extremities includes the shoulder and hip

Question 5

Cartilage

Answer 5

Provides flexibility for and cushioning of bony structure and for prenatal and postnatal skeletal development

Question 6

Mature bones

Answer 6

Cortical (compact): outer shell of a bone, densely packed, calcified ICM, more rigid, major component of tubular bones, along stress lines on long bones

Cancellous (spongy): interior or bones, trabeculae and spicules, form lattice-like pattern lined with osteopenia cells filled with red or yellow bone marrow

• Tensile strength
• Weigh bearing capacity

Question 7

Bone classification

Answer 7

Shape: long, short, flat, irregular

• Long: upper and lower extremities
• Short: irregularly shaped (ankle and wrist); spongy throughout with compact bone surface
• Flat: skull, scapula, and rib cage, layer of cancellous bone between two layers of compact bone
• Irregular: vertebrae and ethmoid

Question 8

Diaphysis

Answer 8

Shaft found in long bones

Composed mainly of compact bone hollowed out to form a marrow-filled medullary canal

Question 9

Epiphyses

Answer 9

Two ends of long bones

Covered with articulate cartilage

Question 10

Characterizations of long bones

Answer 10

Diaphysis, epiphyses

Narrow in the middle and broad at ends (allows weight to be distributed over a wider surface)

Question 11

Metaphysis

Answer 11

Composed of bony trabeculae with cores of cartilage

Part of the bone shaft that funnels out as as it approaches the epiphysis in growing bones

Question 12

What happens to the growth plate after puberty?

Answer 12

Metaphysis and epiphysis merge

Growth plate is obliterated

Question 13

Periosteum

Answer 13

Covers bones, except at their articulate ends

Outer fibrous layer and inner layer that contains osteoprogenitor cells needed for bone growth and development

Acts as an anchor for BVs as they enter and exit the bone

Question 14

Endosteum

Answer 14

Membrane that lines the spaces of spongy bone, marrow cavities, Haversian canals of cortical bone

Consists of osteoprogenitor cells that contribute to growth and remodeling of bone —>necessary for bone repair