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Year 2 Clinical skills > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

when doing local inspection what am I looking for?

A

scars
muscle wasting
knee deformaties

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2
Q

what is valgus

A

knock knees

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3
Q

varus?

A

bow legged

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4
Q

condition where bow legged

A

rickets or osteomalacia

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5
Q

what is an effusion

A

An effusion is an excess of synovial fluid, which can be caused by arthritis or damage to the internal structures of the knee such as the meniscus

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6
Q

how can you tell there is effusion?

A

Tap method

In a moderate effusion you will feel a tap as the patella hits the femur

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7
Q

when inspecting you see wasting - what is this indicative of?

A

This can be due to disuse, especially if there is chronic pain on movement, such as in arthritis
If you were concerned about the wasting being a LMN finding you would perform a neuro examination

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8
Q

what is swelling in the popliteal fossa indicative of?

A

A swelling in the popliteal fossa can be due to a Baker’s Cyst

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9
Q

what is indicative of hyperextension?

A

when leg is flexed angle greater than 10 degrees

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10
Q

what method for large effusions?

A

tap

your hear something

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11
Q

what method for small effusions

A

sweep

you see ripples /bulge of fluid

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12
Q

when testing MCL what kind of pressure do you apply

A

valgus stress

push at lateral part inwards

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13
Q

when testing LCL what type of pressure do you apply

A

varus

push at medial aspect outwards

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14
Q

hip flexors

A

Psoas major
Psoas minor
IliacusPectineus (also adducts and medially rotates)
Sartorius (also abducts and laterally rotates)

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15
Q

Hip- Adductors

medial

A

Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis (also flexes and medially rotates leg

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16
Q

hip extensor

A

gluteus maximus

17
Q

Hip- Abductors + Medial rotators

A 
Gluteus medius (also medially rotates)
Gluteus minimus (also medially rotates)
Tensor fasciae latae (also medially rotates
18
Q

Hip

Lateral Rotators

A 
Piriformis
Obturator internus 
Gemelli –superior & inferior
Quadratus femoris
Obturat§or externus (medial thigh muscle)
19
Q

Collateral ligament damage

A

medial damage likely medial meniscus damage

20
Q

ACL tear?

A

hyperextension

21
Q

pcl tear

A

knee is flexed large force applied / hyperextension

22
Q

unhappy triad?

A

meniscus tear

MCL and ACL

Year 2 Clinical skills (6 decks)

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