MSK Flashcards
Most common nerve injury in anterior shoulder dislocation
Axillary
Hill-Sachs lesion
Posterolateral humeral head compression fracture
Bankart lesion
Further significance of this lesion?
Detachment of the anterior inferior labrum from underlying glenoid
Predisposes to subsequent shoulder dislocations
Most common nerve injury in midshaft humerus fx and sequelae
Radial nerve → wrist drop
Nerve injured in posterior knee dislocations
Peroneal
Immersion foot
Cold temps above freezing
Cool, pale feet
Parasthesias
Chilblain/pernio
Exposure to dry/damp non-freezing cold
Sores of face, dorsum of hands, feet
Pruritic, erythematous lesions
Shoulder is vulnerable to anterior dislocation in what position
Abduction and external rotation
Any high pressure hand injury
(Pain solvent, water pressure etc)
Emergent hand surgery
Radial nerve injury
Unable to extend wrist
“Saturday night nerve palsy”, injury to axilla (crutches), humeral shaft fx
Often occurs during deep sleep or coma
Flexion teardrop fracture
Fx of anteriorinferior vertebral body due to hyperflexion
Unstable: disrupts all three columns
Clay-Shoveler fx
Spinous process avulsuon fx, usually C6-7
Stable
Jefferson fx
Aka burst fracture
Fx of anterior and posterior arches of C1
Unstable
Due to axial forces (head first into swimming pool)
Treat achilles rupture
Splint with ankle in plantarflexion
Kocher Criteria
Pediatric Septic Joint Non-weight bearing ESR >40 Fever >38.5 WBC >12K
Ulnar collateral ligament rupture
Gamekeeper thumb
Forced abd of thumb MCP
Weak pincer grasp, tenderness on ulnar side of joint, ligament laxity with valgus stress
Thumb spica
Flexor tenosynovitis
Often preceded by penetrating injury
Kanavel: pain with passive extension, held in partial flexion, tenderness of tendon sheath, fusiform swelling
IV abx and urgent hand surgery consult
Sequela of fibular head fracture
Common peroneal nerve
Sensation between toes 1-2
Motor to tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus (foot drop)
Best suture material for face
Nylon
Type of pelvic fx do not apply binder to
Lateral (get angiography with embolization)
Treat open fx?
Cedazolin
+gent if extensive soft tissue involvement, traumatic amputation or significant penetrating injury
Segond fracture
Avulsion of lateral tibial plateau associated with ACL tear
Colles fracture
Distal radius with dorsal displacement
Median nerve at risk: paraesthesia of first 3 digits
Galeazzi fx
Distal radius fx with DRUJ
Neurovascular problems in posterior hip dislocation
Sciatic palsy- usually peroneal nerve
Weakness of extensor hallucis longus, dorsiflexion of foot, diminished sensation on dorsal foot
Femoral nerve
Sensation over anterior thigh
Hip flexion and knee extension
Obturator nerve
Sensation to medial thigh
Thigh adduction
Common peroneal nerve
Sensation of anterior leg
Dorsiflexion of foot
Tibial nerve
Sensation posterior lower leg
Plantarflexion of foot
Sever disease
Apophysitis of the calcaneus
Boys 8-12
Worse with running, calcaneal compression
RICE/NSAIDs
Compartment syndrome dx
Delta pressure <30
Compartment pressure >30-40
Most common hernia location
Inguinal
Mallet finger
Forced hyper flexion of distal phalanx
DIP extensor tendon rupture
Splint DIP in hyperextension
Complication: swanneck deformity
Boutonniere deformity
Extension of MCP and DIP with flexion of PIP
Scapholunate dislocation
Scaphoid moves vertically, space between lunate and scaphoid >3mm aka Terry Thompson sign aka hole in hand on xr
Thumb spica
Lunate dislocation
Volar displacement (spilled teacup)
Perilunate dislocation
Dorsal displacement of capitate.
Lateral view of hand XR, lunate looks normal
Calculate delta pressure for compartment syndrome
Diastolic pressure minus compartment pressure
<30 is abnormal
Tripod fx
Lateral orbit, zygoma, maxilla
Blow to malar eminence if zygoma
Most common location for mandible fx
Body
Most commonly sprained ankle ligament
Anterior talfofibular ligament
