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Year 3 Gp 2 > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

What questions should you ask in a MSK history?

A

Do you any pain, swelling, stiffness in your muscles, joints or back?
Can you dress yourself completely without any difficulty?
Can you walk up and down stairs without any difficulty?

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2
Q

Whatis used to detect significant MSK abnormalities?

A

GALS

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3
Q

What are you looking for in the G part of GALS

A

Gait- whether it is symmetrical and smooth, ability to turn quickly

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4
Q

What is the diagnosis if someone presents with a temporal headache w jaw claudication and visual symptoms?

A

GCA

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5
Q

What is the diagnosis if the patient has back pain with bladder and bowel incontinence and saddle disturbance?

A

Compression cauda equina

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6
Q

What is Radiculopathy?

A

Conduction block in spinal/nerve roots

Usually nerve compression

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7
Q

What is sciatica?

A

Pain tingling numbness down a nerve root

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8
Q

What is spondylolysis?

A

Stress fracture in the pars interarticularis

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9
Q

What are the causes of sciatica?

A

Commonly a herniated disc, spondylolysis, stenosis

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10
Q

What could you give to someone with a muscle spasm?

A

Benzodiazepine

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11
Q

What does cauda equina usually present with?

A 
Saddle anesthesia
Peri anal numbness 
Urinary/fecal incontience 
Painless retention urine 
Bilateral sciatica
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12
Q

What is indicative of a fracture?

A

Sudden onset back pack pain relieved lying down

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13
Q

What is synovitis and what does it indicate?

A

Indicates overuse, inflammatory arthritis or rheumatological disease, long term can result in degenerative joint

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14
Q

What does it indicate if there is limited or painful active movement but full pain free passive movement?

A

It indicates an overuse/ degenerative injury in the joint

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15
Q

What is the who pain ladder?

A

Work up pain ladder which is used in chronic pain, use minimum analgesia as can give symptom relief
The problem is there is a risk of dependence, need to consider non pharmacological management

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16
Q

What is bursitis and how would you differentiate this from a knee effusion?

A

Inflammation of Bursa

Do a sweep test examination

17
Q

What is Morton’s neuroma?

A

A benign tumour of a nerve

Usually in response to irritation, trauma or excessive pressure

18
Q

What are the two drugs which can be used in the long term in gout?

A

Febuxostat

Allopurinol

19
Q

What is the painful arc and what does it indicate?

A

Pain abduction 60-120 degrees

Indicates Supraspinatus tendonitis

20
Q

Other than shoulder pathology, why would you get shoulder pain?

A

Diaphragm irritation, cardiac referred pain, ovarian cyst rupture

21
Q

How do the appearances of OA and RA in the hands differ?

A

In OA you get Bouchard and heberdens, it is assymetrical and affects thumb
In RA you get swan neck and boutonnière deformity, z shaped and ulnar deviation, it is symmetrical.

22
Q

How can you distinguish between tennis elbow, Golfers elbow and olecranon bursitis?

A

Tennis elbow- lateral
Golf- medical
Bursitis- on tip of elbow, not associated with exercise

23
Q

What is a slipped upper femoral epiphysis?

A

Where the femoral epiphysis (growth plate) slips

24
Q

What is the problem with a slipped upper femoral epiphysis?

A

There is a risk of avascular necrosis of the femoral head

25
Q

What is a trigger finger?

A

A finger that has become locked after being flexed, it is due to inflammation. Causing swelling of a tendon or tendon sheath, presence of nodules

26
Q

What is the treatment of trigger finger?

A

Steroid injection into tendon sheath

27
Q

What is sciatica?

A

Pain in back and buttocks which radiates to the dermatome supplied by the affected nerve root (follows root from the back to the dermatome)

28
Q

What is the cause of sciatica?

A

When one or more of the nerve roots that contribute to the sciatic nerve (L4, L5, S1, S2) became irritated or compressed, causing pain in its distribution.

29
Q

How do you diagnose sciatica?

A

Straight leg raising

30
Q

What is the most common cause of sciatica

A

Lumbar disc herniation

Year 3 Gp 2 (9 decks)

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