Eye Flashcards
What are the red flags of of a potentially dangerous red eye?
Decrease visual acuity Pain deep in eye Absent or sluggish pupil response Corneal damage History of trauma
What is conjunctivitis?
Inflammation of the conjunctiva
What are the symptoms of conjunctivitis
Red, sore eye
Eye discharge
Sticking of eyelids
No change in visual acuity
How would you treat conjunctivitis?
Mainly supportive- avoid contact lenses, wipe with clean water and cotton wool, contagious,don’t share make up, towels or pillow cases Eye drops (Lubricant) ABx eye drops in bacterial infections- chloramphenicol, fusidic acid
What is a subconjunctival haemorrhage?
A bleed between the conjunctiva and sclera, can be traumatic or spontaneous
Get blood under conjunctiva, normal visual acuity, asymptomatic, Reassure
What is episcleritis?
Inflammatory condition between conjunctiva and sclera
What bacteria is usually involved in a stye and how would you advise to treat?
Staph aureus
Self limiting, hot compress, avoid contact lenses and makeup until it resolves
What is peri orbital (pre septal) cellulitis?
Infection occurring within the eyelid tissue, superficial to the orbital septum
It is secondary to superficial infections
It doesn’t affect eye function- you have normal visual acuity and eye movements
How would you treat periorbital (pre septal) cellulitis?
Oral co amoxiclav
What is worse periorbital (pre septal) or orbital (post septal)?
Post septal- Infection within the orbit
How do you treat orbital cellulitis?
Refer urgent,g- IV antibiotics co- amoxiclav and May need surgical drainage
What is an open angle glaucoma?
Where drainage of aqueous humour from anterior chamber is blocked causing a rise in intra ocular pressure, trabecular meshwork deteriorates as we age
Many are asymptomatic
Increased intra ocular pressure leads to increase in optic disc cupping and you get a gradual loss of peripheral vision
What is a acute closed angle glaucoma?
Emergency it is sight threatening
Obstructed outflow of aqueous humour leads to an increase in intra ocular pressure and a narrow drainage angle
What signs would you get in acute closed angle glaucoma?
Sudden severely painful red eye Decreased visual acuity Older patient- over 55 Irregular oval shaped pupils (fixed) Halos around lights N and V
What is acute anterior uveitis?
Emergency
Inflammation of the uveal tract
Often unilateral
Caused by autoimmune disease, infection, tumour or injury
