MSK

Question 1

Age of presentation SUFE ve Perthe’s disease

Answer 1

SUFE: 10-16 yrs

Perthe’s disease: 3-11 yrs

Question 2

Presentation of Perthe’s disease + pathophys

Answer 2

Path: avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Pain in hip or knee + limp

Question 3

What nerve roots are in Erb’s palsy?

Answer 3

C5-C6

Note: Klumpks is C8-T1

Question 4

Damage to what nerve causes foot drop?

Answer 4

Common peroneal nerve (L5, S1)

Question 5

Obligate external rotation is characteristic of what?

Answer 5

SUFE

Note: this means when the hip is flexed, external rotation of the limb occurs

Question 6

Mgmt of SCFE

Answer 6

Urgent fixation w/pinning (epiphysiodesis)

Question 7

How often is SCFE bilateral?

Answer 7

20-25%

Question 8

In the management of an open fracture it is important to probe it in the ER T/F

Answer 8

F - it should not be probed as this may dislodge debris further into the wound and introduce infection

Note: should check neuromuscular status and then immobilise, check tetanus status, ref to ortho and start IV antibiotics

Question 9

In a pt with suspected Duchenne MD what is the 1st appropriate investigation?

Answer 9

Serum CK

Question 10

Inguinal hernia in children are usually direct or indirect ?

Answer 10

Indirect

Direct hernias are very rare in the absence of a connective tissues disorder

Question 11

Inguinal hernia in premature males have a high recurrence rate T/F

Answer 11

T - about 5% recur post op

Question 12

When would it be expected for achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia to present?

Answer 12

Achondroplasia: usually in the neonatal period, growth in utero is normal until 22 weeks hence unless patient was getting a late scan for some reason.

Hypochondroplasia: presents later with short stature

Question 13

How does achondroplasia usually present clinically?

Answer 13

Proximal (rhizomelic) limb shortening, esp in the upper limbs and normal head circumference

Question 14

Telephone handle femurs on X-ray what pathology?

Answer 14

Thanatophoric dwarfism

Question 15

Which ligament is injured in nursemaid elbow?

Answer 15

Annular

Question 16

Teenage athlete presents with pain, swelling and locking of knee after sports, arthroscopy showing 3 loose bodies in synovial cavity. What pathology

Answer 16

Oestochondritis dissescans

Due to underlying necrosis of articular cartilage and its underlying bone. Cause of this is unknown

Note: if only one body was seen another differential would be a chip (avulsion) fracture

Question 17

> 50 loose bodies in a joint cavity on arthroscopy, what disease?

Answer 17

Synovial chondromatosis

Question 18

Metaphyseal fracture (AKA corner or bucket handle fracture) of lower limb is specifically associated with NAT T/F

Answer 18

T

Question 19

Trethowan’s sign is indicative of what pathology

Answer 19

SUFE