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In brief conditions > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

definition seronegative arthitides

A

inflammatory rheum disease, inflammation of axial and peripheral joitns and enthesitis (inflammtion where tnedon meets bone)

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2
Q

extra articular features seronegagive

A

anterior uveiitis and bowel lesions

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3
Q

3 conditions under umbrella sero -ve

A

ank spond, rieter’s, enteropathic, psoriatic, behcet’s, Junior idiopathic

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4
Q

RF sero -ve

A

fam hx, HLA b27

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5
Q

3 symptoms sero -ve

A

inflammatoy back pain, stiff in morning, sacroiliitis, enthesitis, sausage fingers, urethritis,

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6
Q

Inv for sero -ve

A

ESR and CRP, urte, RF, antinulcear, serology testing, xray sacroiliac joints (inflammation), bamboo spine, sqauring of vertebrae

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7
Q

management sero -ve

A

physio, NSAIDS< DMARDS, joint replacement

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8
Q

pathophys of Pagets

A

inc bone turnover, inc activity of osteoclasts, new bone weak and brittle

OLD PEOPLE

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9
Q

symptom pagets

A

bone pain, at night, bone deformity (bowing tibia, kyphosis, bossing skull), deafness and tinnitus

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10
Q

inv for pagets

A

raised ALP, normal ca and po4

xray - skull - cotton wool pattern - multifocal sclerotic patches

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11
Q

management pagets

A

orthotics, sticks, walkers
nsaids
BISPHOSPHONATES

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12
Q

osteomalacia

A

(is rickets when childern)

inadeqaute mineralisation VIT D!!!!, results in loss of skeletal mass

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13
Q

symptoms osteomalaci

A

pain, prox muscle weakness, skeletal deformity - vertebrae a skull, change in gait, fractures

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14
Q

bloods osteomalacia

A

high alk phos, FBC

xray - looser’s zones

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15
Q

management osteomalacia

A

vit D supps, dietary get ou in sun

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16
Q

primar y benign bone tumour

A

osteoid, cartilage – chondroma, firbous – fibroma, bone marrow – eosinophillic granuloma, vascular – haemoangioma

17
Q

secondary malignant bone mets

A

osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, ewings, angiosarcoma

18
Q

symptoms bone tumour

A

patho fract, growth and malignany

19
Q

SLE definition

A

chronic AI condition, multi system, antinuclear antibodies occur

20
Q

RF SLE

A

DR2 DR3, UV light, methyldopa

21
Q

sx SLE

A

relapses and remits (remember weird finnish woman)
maliaise, fever, fatigue, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, weight loss

joint muslce pains, EMstifness,

butterfly rash, sparing nasolabial folds,

discoid lupus - sun exposed areas, erythematous, well demarcated, scaling

headache,

raynauds

dry eyes and mouth

fucking everything

22
Q

Inv SLE

A

anaemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, auto ab - ANA, anti dsDNA

23
Q

management SLE

A

avoid sun, (think weird white finnish woman) hydroxychloroquine, cyclophosphamide

24
Q

scleroderma def

A

widespread small vessel damage, fibrosis in skin and systemic organs

25
Q

types of scleroderma (3)

A

pre-scleroderma (raynauds +antinulcear ab)

diffuse cutaneous (worst - raynauds + lung, heart, GI, renal disease)

limited cutaneous (middle best - CREST - calcinosis, raynauds, esopageal dys, scelrodactyly, telangiectasia)

26
Q

Lung issues scleroderma

A

pul fibrosis

27
Q

heart issues scleroderma

A

pericarditis, pericardial effusion, myocardial fibrosis, heart failure

28
Q

GI issues scleroderma

A

dry mouth, dysmotilithy, constipation, reflux, watermelon stomach,

29
Q

blood tests sclero

A

antinuclear antobodies

anti centromer, anti scl 70 (anti topoisomerase)

30
Q

other inv sclero (think about issues that arise)

A

ecg, echo, endoscopy, barium studies, U+E , radiography, skin biopsy§

31
Q

management sclero

skin, raynauds, lung, GI, renal, myositis

A

skin - moisturisers, lasers,

raynauds - keep warm,long acting CCB (nifedipine) add phosphodiesterase i (sildenafil)

lung - pul hypertension - bosentan, sildenafil

GI - PPI, promotility, pancreatic supps, PEG feed,

renal - acei

32
Q

most common causative agents septic arthritis

A

staph, haemophilus, coliforms

33
Q

in septic arthritis of hip, how is joint held?

A

flexed, slightly externally rotated

34
Q

sepsis in prosthetic joint

A

remove prosthesis before full eradication is possible

35
Q

clinical features temporal arteritis

A

headache, temporal or occipital, severe, worse at night

36
Q

visual manifestations of temporal arterial disease

A

blurred vision, amaurosis fugax

In brief conditions (2 decks)

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