MSK 3 Flashcards
Insertions of BBC muscles
Brachialis - coronoid process of ulna
Biceps brachii - radial tuberosity
Coracobrachialis - Coracoid process
Attachments of long and short head of biceps brachii
Which tendon is most likely to rupture and what is this called
Short head into Coracoid process
Long head into superglenoid fossa of scapula
Long head most likely to rupture - called Popeyes sign
Names of the heads of triceps brachii - nerve innervation with roots
Medial, short and lateral
Innervated by radial nerve C5-T1 and long head also innervated by Axillary nerve C5 and C6
What nerve root does the triceps tendon hammer reflex test for
C7
Where does the long head of the triceps originate from?
Infraglenoid fossa of the scapula
Borders of the cubital fossa
Superior - imaginary line between the medial and lateral epicondyles
Medial - lateral border of pronator teres
Lateral - medial border of brachioradialis
Contents of the cubital fossa
Tendon of biceps brachii
Brachial artery
Median nerve
2 ways that the glenohmeral joint is made stable
Ligaments
- glenohumeral ligament
- transverse humeral ligament
- coracohumeral ligament
- Coracoacromial ligament
Tonic tone of the SITS muscles
Glenoid labrum making the joint deeper
Fibrous capsule
What are the two bursae of the glenohumeral joint
Sub acromial bursae - between Supraspinatous tendon and acromion
Subscapular bursae - bursae between the subscapular tendon & scapula
Ligaments of the glenohumeral joint. Briefly describe their location and where they span between
- Transverse humeral ligament.
- across the greater and lesser tubercle of humerus and holds tendon of long head of biceps in place during movement
- Coracoacromial ligament
- across the Coracoid process and acromion
- ligament plus acromion and Coracoid process form an arch
- Coracoacromial arch - prevents superior displacement of humerus
- Glenohumeral ligament
- from glenoid fossa to the anatomical neck of humerus
- Coracohumeral
- from Coracoid process to the anterior surface of greater tubercle
Painful arc - what is it and how is it tested
Subacromial bursitis - inflammation of this bursae. Supraspinatus tendon becomes irritated and degeneration occurs of the tendon
Upon abduction, when the affected portion of the tendon comes into contact with the acromion, it hurts - hence painful arc.
Why are most shoulder dislocations anterior and inferior?
What structures are at risk in these dislocations.
What is it anterior and inferior in relation to?
Location is in relation to infraglenoid fossa.
This dislocation is more common because there are no SITS muscles here to stabilise it and this is the weakest part of the joint capsule.
Axillary nerve runs here as well as anterior and posterior circumflex arteries so these structures are at risk.
Describe the major land marks for the arterial supply of the upper limb
Left hand side
- subclavian artery direct branch off the aortic arch
- becomes the Axillary artery as it passes the lateral border of 1st rib
- Axillary artery passes the into upper limb in the axillary sheath below pec minor
- surgical neck of humerus - anterior and poster Cx artery arise
- lower border of teres major, Axillary becomes brachial artery
- gives off profunda brachii for the posterior supply of the arm
- brachial artery bifurcates into radial and ulna artery as it crosses cubital fossa
Where do the limb buds appear in the foetus? Put timings on it
End of week 4, upper limb buds appear on the ventrolateral body wall.
A few days later the lower limb buds appear too, a bit lower down.
From which embryonic tissues do the limbs generate from
Mesoderm (flexible)
