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Board Review - MSK > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

Boggy end feel

A

edema, joint swelling

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2
Q

Rubbery end feel

A

muscle spasm

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3
Q

What is reverse scapulothoracic rhythm?

A

use of scapular stabilizers to initiate shoulder motion when shoulder abductors are weakened

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4
Q

common muscle substitution when hip abductors are weak

A

use of lateral trunk muscles or TFL

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5
Q

What is tenodesis?

A

use of passive finger flexion by contraction of wrist extensors when finger flexors are weak

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6
Q

common muscle substitutions when pectoralis major is weak

A

use of long head of biceps, coracobrachialis, and anterior deltoid

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7
Q

common muscle substitutions when hip extensors are weak

A

use of lower back extensors, adductor magnus, and quadratus lumborum

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8
Q

common muscle substitutions when hip flexors are weak

A

use of lower abdominal, lower obliques, hip adductors, and latissimus dorsi

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9
Q

Orientation of the glenoid fossa places true ABD at _________

A

30 degrees anterior to frontal plane

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10
Q

primary function of coracohumeral ligament

When is it taut?

A

primary function is to reinforce biceps tendon, reinforce superior capsule, and prevent caudal dislocation of humerus
- taut w/ ER

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11
Q

superior GH ligament limits what motions

A

limits ER and inferior translation

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12
Q

middle GH ligament limits what motions

A

limits ER and anterior translation

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13
Q

inferior GH ligament

A
  • anterior band - limits ER, anterior, and superior translation
  • posterior band - limits ER and anterior translation
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14
Q

At what degree of elevation does ER occur? Why?

A

75 degrees - to prevent compression of greater tubercle against the acromion

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15
Q

____ ratio of GH:scapulothoracic motion

A

2:1
- first 30-60 degrees of elevation occurs mainly in the GH joint

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16
Q

requirements for full shoulder elevation (6)

A
  • scapular stabilization
  • inferior glide of humerus
  • ER of humerus
  • rotation of the clavicle at sternoclavicular joint
  • scapular ABD and lateral rotation (ER) of acromioclavicular joint
  • straightening of thoracic kyphosis
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17
Q

ulnar _______ slightly w/ extension and ________ slightly w/ flexion

A

pronates w/ extension

supinates w/ flexion

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18
Q

proximal ulnar glides _________ during extension and _________ during flexion

A

medially during extension and laterally during flexion

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19
Q

normal angle of inclination at hip

A

115 - 125 degrees

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20
Q

coxa valga angle at hip

A

> 125 degrees

21
Q

coxa vara angle at hip

A

< 115 degrees

22
Q

anterior antetorsion angle of hip

A

10 - 15 degress from frontal plane

23
Q

anteversion of hip

A

> 25 - 30 degrees

24
Q

retroversion of hip

A

< 10 degrees

25
What hip ROM are required for normal gait on level ground?
- 30 flexion - 10 ext - 5 ABD/ADD - 5 IR/ER
26
Functions of menisci (6)
- deepens fossa of tibia - increases congruency of tibia and femur - provides shock absorption and lubrication to knee - reduces friction during movement - improves weight distribution
27
What pulls medial meniscus posteriorly during knee flexion?
semimembranosus and ACL
28
What pulls medial meniscus anteriorly during knee extension?
medial meniscopatellar ligament
29
What pulls lateral meniscus posteriorly during knee flexion?
popliteus
30
What pulls lateral meniscus anteriorly during knee extension?
lateral meniscopatellar ligament and meniscofemoral ligament
31
What is normal ROM of knee flexion during walking?
~ 15 degrees
32
screw home mechanism describes what and when does it occur?
5 degrees of tibial ER that occurs at terminal knee extnesion - occurs as CKC internal femoral rotation during weight-bearing to provide increased stability of knee
33
What creates IR of femur (aka ER of tibia)
medial meniscus which is attached to MCL, tightens during extension
34
When is plantar fascia tight? What does this cause
- tight w/ DF of MTP joints during push off (windlass effect) - causes supination of calcaneus and inversion of subtalar joint, creating a rigid lever for push off
35
talus rotates _______ from DF to PF
medially 30 degrees
36
OKC arthrokinematics/osteokinematic of talocrural joints
PF - talus anterior glide on mortise w/ slight medial rotation or ADD DF - talus posterior glide on mortise w/ slight lateral rotation or ABD
37
CKC arthrokinematics/osteokinematic of talocrural joints
PF - tibia glides posteriorly on talus w/ slight lateral rotation DF - tibia glides anteriorly on talus w/ slight medial rotation
38
OKC arthrokinematics of subtalar
Pros Do ABS Every Day Pronation - ABD - Eversion - DF Sometimes Injury ADDS Pain Supination - ADD - Inversion - PF
39
CKC arthrokinematics of subtalar
Pronation - ADD - Eversion - PF Supination - ABD - Inversion - DF
40
What is the Rules of 3?
spinous process angled to which levels for thoracic spine T1-T3 - even w/ transverse process of same level T4-T6 - 1/2 level below transverse process of same level T7-T9 - 1 full level below transverse process of same level T11 - 1/2 level below T12 - level
41
What level does spinal cord end?
~ L1-L2 conus medullaris
42
TMJ ROM
functional range of opening - 40 mm 25 mm of rotation 15 mm of tanslatory glide
43
contraindications to STM
Absolute: - soft tissue breakdown, - infection, - skin disease, - cellulitis, - osteomyelitis, - contagious illness, - malignant tumor, - aneurysms - Neuroses, - lymphangitis, - hemophilia, - sensory impairment, - DVT - hematoma
44
Absolute contraindications for joint mobilization/manipulation/traction
- joint ankyloses - malignancy - diseases that affect integrity of ligaments (RA, Down syndrome) - arterial insufficiency - active inflammatory and/or infectious process
45
opiod OD triad
- pinpoint pupils - respiratory depression - inconsciousness
46
active vs passive insufficiency
active - inability of a 2 joint muscle to generate force bc muscle has become too shortened passive - inability of a 2 joint muscle to lengthen far enough to allow for full ROM
47
lower crossed syndrome
tight erector spinae and iliopsoas muscles and weak abdominal and gluteus maximus muscles. This results in an anterior pelvic tilt, an increased lumbar lordosis, and a slight flexion of the hip
48
wrist positions would maximal grip strength
30 deg wrist ext

Board Review - MSK (13 decks)

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