MSK

Question 1

What is a Rolando Fracture?

Answer 1

A Rolando fracture is a three-part or comminuted intra-articulate fracture of the base of the 1st mc

Question 2

What is a Bennett fracture?

Answer 2

A Bennett fracture is an intra-articulate, simple, oblique fracture at the base of the 1st metacarpal

Question 3

What is a Seymour fracture?

Answer 3

A Seymour fracture is a displaced distal phalangeal physeal fracture with an associated nailbed injury

Diagnosis is made clinically with presence of nail plate lying superficial to eponychial fold
X-rays show a widened physis or displacement between epiphysis and metaphysis

Treatment Is antibiotics, open reduction and pinning across DIPJ with nailbed repair

Question 4

What is CRITOE?

Answer 4

Related to paediatric ossification centres
C- capitellum 1yr
R-radial head 3yr
I-internal epicondyle 5yr
T-trochlea 7y
O- olecranon 9y
E- external epicondyle 11y

Helps identify two commonly missed paediatric elbow fractures- medial and lateral epicondyle fractures.

Lateral condyle fractures are subtle and tend to occur in 4-10 year olds. E = ext or lateral epicondyle and is the last to appear

Medial epicondyle fractures are subtle and tend to occur in 10-16 year olds.

Question 5

Paediatric c spine normal findings

Answer 5

Pseudosubluxation of the cervical spine is the physiological anterior displacement of C2 on C3 in children. It is common in children <7 years, and less often present in older children. Less often it is seen at C3 on C4. It is more pronounced in flexion and is of clinical significance as it can be confused with traumatic cervical injury 1.

Pathology
Immature lax ligaments are considered the cause of this appearance.