MSK

Question 1

What are the radiological features associated with osteoarthritis?

Answer 1

Loss of joint space
Osteophyte formation
Subarticular sclerosis
Subchondral cyst formation

Question 2

What are the radiological features associated with ankylosing spondylitis?

Answer 2

Sacroiliac joint space narrowing, erosions and sclerosis
Syndesmophytes
Ligament calcification

Question 3

What are the radiological features associated with rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 3

Soft tissue swelling, juxta-articular osteopenia, loss of joint space, bony erosions

Question 4

What are the risk factors for gout?

Answer 4

Advanced age, male sex, post-menopause, renal impairment, hypertension, obesity, diuresis
Excess alcohol, red meat, seafood, myeloproliferative disorders, psoriasis, tumour lysis syndrome

Question 5

What are the red flags for back pain?

Answer 5

Age< 20 or > 55
Acute onset 
Constant progressive pain
Nocturnal pain
Pain worse when lying down
Systemic symptoms
History of malignancy
Abdominal mass
Thoracic back pain
Morning stiffness
Bilateral leg pain
Neurological deficit
Sphincter disturbance
Infection
Immunosuppression
Leg claudication

Question 6

What are the common examination findings in RA

Answer 6

Symmetrical painful swollen small joints
Ulnar deviation
Joint subluxation
Boutonniere's deformity
Swan-neck deformity
Z thumb

Question 7

What gene is associated with ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 7

HLA-B27