MSA #3 Flashcards
What is associated with cleft lip and palate?
1) Dental issues
2) Middle ear infections
3) Feeding problems
What is “an excessive and undesirable amount go perceived nasal cavity resonance during speech”?
Hyper nasality
What is “a reduction in nasal resonance during speech”?
Hypo nasality/ Densality
Compensatory articulation errors that children with clefts make
1) Glottal stops
2) Pharyngeal fricatives
What is included in the “Rule of 10”?
1) 10 grams of hemoglobin
2) 10 pounds in weight
3) 10 weeks in age
What is the surgical repair of cleft palate called?
Palatoplasty
What is “a computer-based instrument that measures the relative amount of nasal acoustic energy in a person’s speech”?
Nasometer
What is a speech appliance that covers “an open palatal defect”?
Palatal obturator
What is a speech appliance “that fills in the pharyngeal space for speech”
Speech bulb obturator
Three things that can cause a neurological communication disorder
1) Traumatic brain injury
2) Stroke
3) Tumor
Aphasia is…
… a deficit in language processing
Receptive aphasia
Having trouble understanding auditory or reading information
Broca’s aphasia
Not a type of fluent aphasia
Transcortical sensory aphasia
Fluent aphasia
Global aphasia
a severe to profound form of aphasia characterized by severely impaired receptive and expressive language
Anomia
impaired ability to retrieve the names of things
Agrammatism
an impairment of the ability to produce words in their correct sequence and with all necessary morphemes
Verbal paraphasia
- word substitution
- saying “sister” instead of “brother”
Litteral paraphasia
- sound substitution
- saying “tar” instead of “car”
Divided attention
responding simultaneously to more than one task
Orientation
1) Person – who the person is and what he is doing
2) Place – where the person is and the surrounding environment
3) Time – month, season, year, time of day, etc.
4) Purpose – understanding and reasoning about why something is occurring/ has happened
Selective attention
“attending to specific stimuli and ignoring others.”
Alternating attention
“shifting focus of attention between tasks”
Sustained attention
attention “to a task for a reasonable length of time”
Anosognosia
- Being unaware of your deficits
- “Impairment of an individual’s ability to relate to parts of his body
Preservation
“An automatic and often involuntary continuation of a thought or behavior after it is no longer appropriate.”
Dementia
“A medical team from a syndrome caused by a progressive neurological disease that involves intellectual, cognitive, communicative, behavioral, and personality deterioration that is more severe than what would occur through normal aging.”
Stage 1 Alzheimer’s
- impaired working memory
- difficulty completing familiar tasks
- difficulty remembering common names
- misplacing items in inappropriate places
- disorientation to place, time, and purpose
Stage 2 Alzheimer’s
- increased loss of working memory
- significantly diminished vocabulary
- conversation is empty and meaningless
- loss of reading and writing ability
- difficulty with tasks that require skilled movements
- aggressiveness
- outbursts of anger
Stage 3 Alzheimer’s
- little or no memory
- difficulty speaking and understanding simple sentences
- expresses little or no emotion
- minimal verbal discourse
- difficulty recognizing others and sometimes himself in a mirror
- needs personal care
- difficulty chewing or swallowing
Prosopangnosia
Difficulty recognizing familiar faces
How many types of dysarthria are there?
6
Dysarthria is…
… a group of motor speech disorders causes by weakness, paralysis, or incoordination of the speech muscles
Associated with dysarthria
1) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
2) Multiple sclerosis
3) Myasthenia gravis
4) Parkinson’s disease
Apraxia of speech is…
…a problem in neural motor planning and programming of the articulatory muscles for the voluntary movements of speech in the absence of weakness.
Dysphasia
Difficulty swallowing
Aspiration
When food or liquid enters the larynx, trachea, or lungs
Mastication
medical term for the process of chewing
Oral preparatory
the phase in normal swallowing in which chewing takes place
Pharyngeal
- the phase of the normal swallow in which contraction of muscles in the pharynx takes place
- the phase in which aspiration usually takes place
- lasts 1 second
Esophageal
the phase of the normal swallow in which contraction of the esophageal muscles takes place
