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Spring '23 > Mrts 1310 exam 1 > Flashcards

Mrts 1310 exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of mass media

A

Audience, time, display and distribution, distance, and storage

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2
Q

Disruptive technologies

A

Disruptive technologies- a technology that displaces an existing technology or a product that creates a new industry (Television disrupted radio, movies, live theater, and live sporting events)

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3
Q

Early forms of communication

A

Cave Paintings, pictograms, Petroglyphs,

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4
Q

Evolution of communication technologies and the inventors

A

Telegraph and morse code-Samuel Morse
Telephone- Alexander Graham Bell
Radio Telegraphy- Guglielmo Marconi

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5
Q

Government control of the media

A

Federal Communications Commission has different rules for direct broadcast satellite (abc, fox, nbc, cbs), cable, and internet subscriptions

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6
Q

Horizontal and vertical integration

A
  • Horizontal- when one company expands its business to help its supply/distribution chain ( disney owning ABC, touchstone pictures, lucasfilm, and the MCU
    • Vertical- when one company tries to gain audience share and revenue by increasing the number of outlets (disney owning lifetime, FX, history channel, National Geographic)
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7
Q

Marketplace of ideas principle

A

Marketplace of ideas- an environment free of censorship, people choose from a variety of ideas and opinions from various sources of information

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8
Q

Media literacy

A

The ability to access, analyze, evaluate and create media in a variety of forms

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9
Q

Models associated with communication and their limitations

A
  • Schramm Mass Communication Model-There is an opportunity for feedback to the message originator, but the feedback is delayed and not explicit
    • Shannon and Weaver Model- Noise can interfere with the message; the model doesn’t tap into the face to face aspect
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10
Q

Scarcity principle

A

Scarcity principle- Electronic media may be regulated by the government due to this

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11
Q

Self-righting principle

A

Self righting principle- society can make adjustments and put itself on the right path if citizens have many ideas and opinions from which to choose- truth will win out over lies in a free and responsible society

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12
Q

Synchronous and Asynchronous communications

A

Sync.- no delay between transmissions
Async.- delay between transmissions

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13
Q

Three effects of media on human behavior

A

Cognitive, Emotional, Behavioral

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14
Q

Alan Freed

A

A popular DJ

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15
Q

Chain broadcasting

A

Interconnecting of radio stations (radio stations playing the same thing at the same time

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16
Q

David Sarnoff and his role in broadcasting

A
  • David Sarnoff, a Russian immigrant in new york, operated the telegraph and picked up the Titanic destress call. He stayed on duty for 72 hours
    coordinating rescue and reporting to the media
    * He would later found NBC
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17
Q

Early Inventors and Innovators and inventions

A

Morse- the telegraph/morse code; Hertz- broadcasting; Maxwell- electromagnetic waves

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18
Q

Edward R. Murrow

A

Edward R. Murrow revolutionized news when he put himself at risk and reported from the rooftops of London during the London Blitz. Murrow went with the troops on bombing runs and was with them when they liberated a concentration camp

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19
Q

Effects on broadcasting during World War II

A

Audiences flocked to their radios to learn news of the war and to hear shows to help take their minds off world events. This was the ‘golden age’ of radio.

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20
Q

First commercial radio station

A

KDKA

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21
Q

First station to air a commercial, what was the commercial for

A

WEAF; 15 minute real estate ad

22
Q

FM Radio

A

FM radio was developed and debuted in 1935, but didn’t really take off until FM stereo was approved in 1961. Starting in the 1960s, Congress required new cars to be equipped with FM radios, which helped FM become popular.

23
Q

Internet radio

A
  • In late 1990’s Listeners could use computers, tablets, and smartphones to access station content
    • New netcasters included pandora and spotify
24
Q

Radio Act of 1912

A
  • Licensing of radio operations used for interstate commerce
    • Licensed operators must be US citizens
    • The US Secretary of Commerce and Labor issues the licenses and have jurisdiction over commercial radio in the US
    • Ships are required to be equipped to send out a distress signal at any time
    • All ships must monitor distress frequencies continuously
25
Q

Radio Act of 1927

A
  • Created the Federal Radio Commission
    • Issued station licenses
    • Redesigned the use of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • Assigned frequencies
    • Regulated stations and networks
    • Mandated that stations operate in the “public interest, convenience, and necessity
26
Q

Satellite radio

A

Sends signal to cars and homes equipped with satellite receivers. Sirius and XM merged in 2008

27
Q

Terrestrial radio

A

Traditional over the air radio is limited by how far the signal can go

28
Q

The Communications Act of 1934

A
  • Regulated all radio and related services
    • Addressed substandard radio programming
    • Equal opportunity for political candidate’s use of airwaves
    • In effect until new regulations were passed in 1966
29
Q

4k, 8k

A

A tv having over 4000 pixels. It offers better clarity and is more colors

30
Q

Affiliate-network agreement

A
  • Clearance
  • Station compensation
  • Right of refusal
31
Q

American presidents and firsts on TV

A

Franklin Roosevelt; Eisenhower

32
Q

CATV

A

Community Antenna Television; An antenna was placed on top of a mountain to being in signals from distant stations nad a wire was extended into town. Eventually, this became a business as the wire connected houses and business to the antenna and to television

33
Q

Color TV and system types

A
  • Mechanical color wheel
    ○ Produced audio and visual noise
    ○ Not compatible with the black and white TVs already in peoples homes
    • RCAS color system
      ○ Compatible with the tvs already in peoples home
      ○ Supported by the FCC
34
Q

Desilu Productions Innovations

A
  • Moved TV Production to Los Angeles
    • Multi-camera production
    • Shoot TV on film
35
Q

Digital TV

A

June 12, 2009; The industry was slow to utilize the new technology, even thought there was consumer interest in HDTV

36
Q

Early TV inventors/inventions/innovators
b.f.z

A
  • John Logie Baird’s
    ○ mechanical scanning
  • Philo T. Farnsworth
    ○ Electronic scanning
  • Vladimir Zworykin
    • Iconoscope
37
Q

First cable channels

A

CBS and NBC

38
Q

First TV station

A

W2XF

39
Q

Kinescopes and why they were used

A

A camera that would record another tv. It was much grainier and the sound was muffled much more than the original (film)

40
Q

Must-carry rule

A

Cable systems are required to carry signals from all ‘significantly viewed stations in their market- they had to carry the locals over the out-of-market stations.

41
Q

Sixth Report and Order

A

The document signed by the FCC that put an end to the television freeze that lasted for 4 years

42
Q

Television’s ‘Golden Age’

A

1950’s

43
Q

TV broadcasting in World War II

A

Most of the resources were pulled to the war effort, and people were not out at live events (movies, sports, eating out) bc they were at home watching tv; only 16 stations at this time

44
Q

TV scanning systems

A

Mechanical and electrical

45
Q

TV’s debut

A

Britain 1936

46
Q

TVROs

A

Television receive only

47
Q

Types of satellites used for communications

A

Geosynchrouns satellites
Middle-earth orbiters
Low- orbit satellites

48
Q

VHF/UHF positives and negatives

A

UHF ( ultra high frequency) band tv to occupy 14-83 channels; which added to the VHF (very high frequency) band of channels 2-13

49
Q

VOD

A

Allowing consumers to watch fav movies and shows at any time

50
Q
  • Why Maxwell was so important to future inventions that led to mass media
A

He published a set of equations that proved that light, electricity, and magnetism all came from the same force, what we call the electromagnetic force, thus figuring out the theory of electromagnetic waves,
produced the first color photograph in which he said “humans can only perceive 3 colors, red green and blue

Spring '23 (5 decks)

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