Mrs.davis final exam Flashcards
What method of tree harvesting involves removing all but a few selected trees
Selection cutting
What forms at the base of a petiole to sever a leaf from a branch
Abscission layer
What structures on a stem allow air to enter the stem and provide for respiration
Lenticels
What is the portion of a stem between 2 leaves or 2 places where leaves once grew
Internode
What is the talllest tree species
Coast redwood
What are the oldest known organisms on earth
Bristlecone pine
What is another name for broadleaf trees
Hardwood trees
Which type of root grows from a plant’s stem, branches, leaves or mature woody roots
Adventitious roots
What type of gymnosperms has no branches and frond-like leaves
Cycad
What system of forest management causes the forest to grow more high quality trees that mature faster than they normally would
Sustained yeild management
What type of inscet has a strong beak that it uses to pierce the plants stem
Sap-sucking insects
In a dichotomous identification key, how many choices are there at each question
2
An annual growth ring is made of 2 layers, a lighter outer layer with large vessels and a darker inner layer with smaller vessels. What is the lighter outer layer called
Soringwood
What type of insects either kills the tree or weakens it so that the wind can easily blow it over
Wood-eating inscets
What is the food-storing central core of a young woody stem
Pith
What term refers to trees that keep their leaves year round
Evergreen
What is the rough outer covering of a tree
Bark
What are the most common gymnosperms
Conifers
what is the science of managing and studying forests called
forestry
once a leaf falls off, what is all that remains on the tree
leaf scar
what is the process of removing trees for human use
tree harvesting
what is the main stem of a tree called
trunk
what system recycles carbon and oxygen in the environment
carbon-oxygen cycle
what is the debris that loggers leave on the forest floor called
slash
what is the ring of growth cells that separates a tree’s bark from the woody tissues
vascular cambium
what is the largest forest region
northern forest
the most heavily managed forest region
southern forest
contains the greatest variety of tree species
central broadleaf forest
produces the largest % of wood and paper products
Pacific coast forest
extends from Canada to mexico
rocky mountain forest
stretches from Delaware to FL and west Oklahoma to Texas
southern forest
the spiny trees especially designed for life in the desert area called ____
cacti
the pint beyond which conditions are unsuitable for tree growth is the ____
treeline
a forest differs from a woodland because a forest has a top layer of interlaced leaves called ____
canopy
a point on a stem that a leaf grows from is a ____
node
a object that produces carbon dioxide is a carbon ___
source
a tree that loses its leaves in the fall and remains bare in the winter is a ___ tree
deciduous
the main tissue of a tree trunk is called a _____
wood
growth of a tree in length is ____ growth
primary growth
the type of fire that burns the bottom portion and lower limbs of a tree and the surrounding shrubbery is a ____ fire
surface
a forest that has trees of many different ages and has many fallen, dead trees is a ____ forest
old-growth
growth of a stem in diameter is called ___ growth
secondary
skylar’s grandparents live on a old farm. science her grandparents don’t grow crops on the farm they have allowed some of the fields to grow up into a forest. what type of forest is this
secondary forest
while observing the trees in the backyard, you notice one of the trees is producing abnormal growths. which type of insect is infecting this tree
gall-making insects
when a leaf has too much water inside itself, it allows the water to leave through pours called stoma. what structure keeps water from leaving the leaf when the stoma are closed
cuticle
a landowner wishes to harvest a stand of loblolly pine and grow a new stand. a Forester recommends that all of the trees be removed at the same time. what method of tree harvesting is this
clear-cutting
name a difference between tree and a shrub
a shrub has several equally large stems instead of 1 main stem
a tree with several main branches close to the ground had ____ branches
spreading
the hard, inactive, dead wood of a tree is the ____
heartwood
the type of leaves that contain more chlorophyll and are found at the bottom of the tree are ____ leaves
shade
a root that goes deep into the ground and has secondary roots branching off the main root is a ____
taproot
any system or object that absorbs carbon dioxide from the environment is called a carbon _____
sink
the structure that allows a twig to grow in length is a ___ bud
terminal
setting fire to a forest under controlled conditions is ____ burning
prescribed
the scientific restoration of forest is called ___
reforestation
a stem produces new branches using ____ bud
lateral
the top portion of the a tree, which includes the branched and leaves, is the ____
crown
a animal that eats vegetation is a ___
herbivore
a animal that eats both vegetation and meat is a __
omnivore
a animal that eats primarily meat is a ____
carnivore
these type of teeth are found in the back of the mouth and used for grinding
molars
these type of teeth are found towards the front of the mouth and are used for cutting and biting
incisors
the ___ rolls into a ball when threatened
armadillo
large groups of bats are called ____
colonies
sloths and anteaters are ____
xenarthrans
the tamandua is a anteater with a ____ tail
prehensile tail
the slowest moving mammals is the ____
sloth
lions travel in groups called ___
prides
what are primates with prehensile tails, round nostrils, hairless faces, and thick wooly fur
new world monkeys
what is a small, rounded-bodied insectivore that is covered in black, and had barbless spines
hedgehog
what is a internal skeleton made of bone and muscle called
endoskeleton
what is winter dormancy in mammals called
hibernation
what are specialized structures surrounded by nerve endings that make them very sensitive (another name for whiskers)
vibrissae
what are the group of primates without tails
apes
what is a small insectivore that burrows under the ground in search of earthworms and small invertebrates
mole
a animal’s ability to blend into its environment is called ____
camouflage
a ___ whale is made of comb-like plates that cross the mouth and filters the whale’s food
baleen
____ are short and compact, short and blunt nose, flat and spade shaped, and the dorsal fin is triangular
porpoise
elephants are in the order ___
probscidea
wolves, dingoes, coyotes, jackals, and foxes are in the order ___
canidae
whales belong to the order ____
cetacea
___ are aquatic carnivores quite notable for their size and huge canines
walruses
___ group of carnivores are considered the only true carnivores
felidae
3 characteristics that are common to all __ are they are warm blooded, have a 4 chambered heart, and have hair
mammals
3 types of ___ include hedgehogs, shrews, and moles
insectivores
the smartest primate is the ___
chimpanzee
the largest mustelid is the ________
wolverine
