MRI HISTORY Flashcards
The term Originated from the city of Magnesia.
Magnetism
Curious human beings observed certain rock formations (lodestones) properties
when being spun on their axes.
Magnetism
Mathematician that served Emperor Napoleon of France.
Jean Baptiste Fourier
Developed the mathematical process called Fourier Transformation which is used in MRI to translate raw MRI signals to spatial location.
Jean Baptiste Fourier
Accidentally discovered that electricity produces magnetism.
Hans Christian Oersted
• Successfully proved that magnetism can produce electricity.
Michael Faraday
• Discovered that magnetic lines of force could be mathematically expressed (thus the
Maxwell’s Equation)
Sir James Clerk Maxwell
Proved that electrical and magnetic fields coexist at 90 degrees to each other.
Sir James Clerk Maxwell
Calculated the velocity and propagation of electromagnetic waves and predicted the existence of other waves
Sir James Clerk Maxwell
• Discovered that invisible electromagnetic waves do exist and that all electromagnetic
waves are identifiable by their characteristic FREQUENCY values.
Heinrich Hertz
• Discovered high-frequency electromagnetic xrays in 1895
Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen
• Discovered gamma waves and radioactivity in 1896
Frederic Joliot & Marie Curie
o Conservation Law of Energy (E=mc2) indicates that mass and energy are one and the same
1905 – ALBERT EINSTEIN
o Recognized the Nucleus
1911 – EARNEST RUTHERFORD
o Objective proof of electron’s existence
1911 – J.J. THOMPSON
o Defined the electron geometric patterns and properties; opened door to Quantum Physics
1913 – NIELS BOHR
o Established method to measure a magnetic dipole moment
1913 – OTTO STERN
o Coined the phrase “NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE”
1913- WOLFGANG PAULI
o Devised and performed the first NMR Experiment
1913 – ISIDOR ISAAC RABI
• Aside from his achievements in (Zeugmatography [also known as Spectrography]), Dr. Paul Lauterbur also paved way to the development of the MRI Gradients (Gx, Gy and Gz)
• This led to the development of Selected Excitation.
Paul Lauterbur
Dr. Damadian named the machine as
INDOMITABLE
an American physician/physicist envisioned to build a scanner
for whole body imaging. (1970)
Dr. Raymond Damadian
o He observed that the tissues were able to resonate two different types of signals.
Dr. Raymond Damadian
discovered that the structure of
water is the very essence of MRI imaging.
Dr. Raymond Damadian
1946, two American Theoretical Physicists, ____Purcell continued to explore the mystery of the atom.
Felix Bloch and Edward
They discovered that a pure substance when magnetically energized and bombarded with Radiofrequency responds with a tune of their own.
Purcell and Bloch
