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MRC Peds Notes Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

What growth plate zone do physeal fractures occur through?

A

ZPC in the zone of hypertrophy

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2
Q

What is the 1st and 2nd most common causes of death in children?

A

1st: accidental injury
2nd: NAT

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3
Q

Blocks to closed reduction of of proximal humerus fractures in children

A

biceps tendon, deltoid, periosteum

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4
Q

Acceptable reduction of proximal humerus fracture in kids

A

< 5 yo: 70 degrees and 100% displaced
5-12 yo: 40-70 degrees
> 12 yo: 40 degrees and 50% displacement

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5
Q

Can you treat type II SCH fx on outpatient basis?

A

yes, safe and effective to do at ASC

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6
Q

What is a risk factor for infection in SCH fx?

A

younger age

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7
Q

What injuries result in cubitus varus and valgus?

A

SCH: cubitus varus

lateral condyle fx: cubitus valgus

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8
Q

what XR view is best for viewing lateral condyle fractures?

A

internal oblique

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9
Q

What injury should be assessed for on a distal humeral axial view?

A

medial epicondyle

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10
Q

What injury is associated with elbow dislocations?

A

medial epicondyle fracture

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11
Q

What is the direction of displacement of a transphyseal distal humerus fracture?

A

posteromedial

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12
Q

Late complications from transphyseal distal humerus fracture?

A

cubitus varus and medial condyle AVN

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13
Q

Reduce a radial head fracture if…

A

its more than 30 degrees angulated.

Traction, varus in supination and then extend, flex and pronate.

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14
Q

Complications with ORIF of radial head fractures

A

Loss of ROM
AVN
Synostosis

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15
Q

Acceptable alignment forearm fracture younger than 9

A

15 degrees angulation

45 degrees of rotation

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16
Q

Acceptable alignment forearm fracture older than 9

A

10 degrees angulation proximal
15 degrees angulation distal
30 degrees of rotation

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17
Q

Assessing rotation on an AP XR

A

radial styloid and biceps tuberosity at 180 degrees

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18
Q

Assessing rotation on a lateral XR

Study These Flashcards
A

ulnar styloid and coronid 180 degrees

19
Q

Submuscular plating of pediatric femur fractures can lead to…

20
Q

Tibial tubercle fx can have entrapped…

Study These Flashcards
A

lateral meniscus.

21
Q

Tibial eminence fx can have entrapped…

Study These Flashcards
A

medial meniscus.

22
Q

Considerations for ORIF tibial shaft fracture

Study These Flashcards
A

> 5 degrees of posterior angulation

>5-10 degrees varus/valgus

23
Q

Triplane fracture

Study These Flashcards
A

SH II on the lateral and SH III on the AP = a SH IV fracture

24
Q

Distal tibial physeal closure

Study These Flashcards
A

central –> medial –> lateral

25
Atlantooccipital dissocation
dens-basion distance > 12 mm
26
The dentocentral synchondrosis fuses at...
age 6.
27
Most common cervical fracture in kids is...
odontoid fracture (usually through the synchondrosis. Treat with CR/Halo.
28
Involcrum
new bone formed by active periosteum around old, dead bone
29
Sequestrum
necrotic bone that is avascular and can be a nidus for infection
30
Best predictors of septic hip in order
1. T > 101.3 2. CRP > 2 3. ESR > 40 4. NWB 5. WBC > 12K
31
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis
multiple sites, pathology and cx negative, associated with palmar and plantar pustules * *Treat with NSAIDs * *can cause LLD
32
Brain MRI of CP will show...
periventricular leukomalacia.
33
Botox MOA
inhibits presynaptic release of ACh
34
Dorsal rhizotomy can be considered for..
ambulatory diplegic patients.
35
What region of a CP hip is deficient?
posterior acetabulum
36
What femoral deformity is associated with CP?
valgus and anteversion
37
CP Equinovalgus foot
due to spastic peroneal Tx: TAL, PB lengthening, lateral column lengthening, calc osteotomy
38
CP Equinovarus foot
**Most common in spastic hemi Overpull of PT
39
Treatment of CP foot w/ flexible varus and weak peroneals
SPTT to peroneals
40
Treatment of CP foot w/ flexible varus and overactive tib ant
SATT to cuboid
41
Arthrogryposis is associated with...
decrease in anterior horn cells.
42
Fascioscapulohmeural muscular dystrophy
- AD - scapular winging - weakness of facial muscles (inability to whistle) and proximal UE
43
Treatment of polymyositis and dermatomyositis
anti-TNF meds
44
Freidrich Ataxia
- AR - spinocerebellar degeneration (posterior columns of cord) - Frataxin gene (GAA repeat) - wide-based gait - cardiomyopathy - cavus foot - scoliosis

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