Mr Scriven - Pressure Groups Flashcards

Question

Peripheral insiders

Answer 1

Those who have insider status but are only rarely needed by govt

Answer 2

Those with a strong 2-way relationship with policy makers over a broad range e.g BMA

Answer 3

Consciously using the media as well - CBI

Answer 4

Concentration on behind the scenes pressure e.g national trust

Answer 5

Dependent on govt in some way e.g equalities commission

Answer 6

Are regularly consulted by govt departments e.g BMA,CBI They often have a high impact on policy outcome as they offer expertise, policy implementation and political support

Answer 7

Organisation that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology and culture Most policy institutes are non-profit organisations, which some countries such as us and canada provide with tax exempt status, other think tanks are funded by govt, advocacy groups or businesses or derive revenue from consulting or research work related to their projects

Answer 8

Clear influence of CBI, UK finance and ERTOI Not all groups have the ‘ear of policy makers’ and there is not equal access to such parliamentary processors Reference to insider/outsider status (unions, countryside alliance, BMA, NFU, think tanks like ASI)

Answer 9

-Parliamentary committees in particular - however evidence given dominated by sectional groups e.g unions -government consultation - while drafting plans to introduce gay marriage in 2012, the govt undertook a 12 week consultation on its plans - in a 2008 consultation over tobacco sales by department of health, over 3/4 of responses were from organisations funded by department of health therefore not a wide spread variety of views

Answer 10

2011 - undercover journalists filmed the chef lobbyist at the lobbying firm bell pottinger boasting that on behalf of the vaccine manufacturer Dyson they had ensured that the PM raised concerns over copy right ‘Cash for question’ and ‘cash for access’ Lobbying can be positive - stone wall

Answer 11

Groups like ALF and anonymous should not be listened to otherwise it will inspire other law breakers Anti poll tax protests -civil disobedience and law breaking was rewarded

Answer 12

Green peace CND TUC CBI - employs 1/3 of all Britain’s work force RSPCA National trust

Answer 13

Slacktivism Check book membership Weakening of unions power since 80’s E-petitions and demonstrations gather large support but have little overall influence in decision making

Answer 14

Free serve - free school meals campaign 2020/21 Raising awareness - BLM Friends and family of Stephen Lawrence - race relations bill Success of ASH in getting smoking banned in public spaces despite opposition eg FOREST

Answer 15

Influence of ERTOI (reduce cooperation tax and reduce employer contribution to employee pensions) CBI’s success for 3rd runway at Heathrow despite opposition CBI’s campaign for hs2 rail link Counter argument = CBI campaigned against minimum wage and were unsuccessful Some considerable success by groups outside traditional elites - anti poll tax, Stephen Lawrence

Answer 16

- values generally accepted (by public, media, politicians e.g snowdrop) - values change over time (public used to be in favour and now against or vice versa e.g stone wall lgbtq+ rights) - opinions are divided (govt wont pick a ‘side’ because they don’t want to lose support e.g pro life vs pro choice) - cultural indifference (vast majority of public are not bothered about the issue e.g keep Sunday special) - attitudes shift away from group (groups lose support over time e.g f4j) - conflict between tactics and public opinion (public support but are alienated by group tactics e.g extinction rebellion)

Answer 17

1. Domain organisation -membership -electoral influence -competition for members Examples: -green peace -CBI/ERTOI -unions 2. Resources -financial resources -financial uncertainty -organisational structure -tactics Examples: -green peace - own boats and ships - CBI ERTOI -Alf - blockades and direct action -TUC and labour - financial backing 3. External environment -public opinions -outsider views Examples: -snowdrop -friends and family of Stephen Lawrence -free serve Counter argument: -f4j Just stop oil

Answer 18

Mostly associated with fascists states like Italy- the incorporation of pressure groups into the state itself, in the uk the incorporation of leading sectional groups (BBI/TUC) into the decision making process e,g NEDC ( national economic development council)

Answer 19

The British govt allowing the TUC/CBI to advise on economic policy in return for cooperation and implementation e.g no strikes

Answer 20

The 3 parts of the social contract - govt, CBI, TUC

Answer 21

Broad agreement between parties on the role of govt - full employment, social contract, support for welfare state

Answer 22

2 types of govt when it comes to pressure group activity 1. Social/moral issues - state has less vested interest lots of evidence of pluralism - cause groups have chance of success 2. Economic/financial issues - state has vested interest lots of evidence of elitism - sectional groups like CBI have a lot of influence

Answer 23

Pressure group status - insider/outsider Popular aims - roses theory Wealth/finance - grants theory Large membership can be shared to ignore - exception = CND Celebrity endorsement Emotive issues Dual state model

Answer 24

group dedicated to one cause; with members having a shared purpose or interest in that cause. Generally, causal groups have open membership, meaning that anyone is allowed to join. An example of a causal group would be the Royal Society Protection of Birds (RSPB)

Answer 25

A sectional group is a group dedicated to representing one section of society. This can be a profession, an industry or even a religion. They are set up to protect the interests of a section of the population, and as a result tend not to have open membership. Instead, a person must meet some qualifications to become a member: an example of a sectional group would be the British Medical Association (BMA) who represent doctors and whose membership consists exclusively of those concerned with the medical profession