MR Flashcards
1
Q
MR symptoms
A
dyspnea - increased LA pressure
fatigue - decreased CO
2
Q
MR signs
A
tachypnea
3
Q
MR pulse
A
normal or sharp upstroke due to rapid ventricular decompression
AF relatively common
4
Q
JVP in MR
A
n/a
5
Q
palpation in MR
A
displaced, diffuse and hyperdynamic apex beat
pansytolic thrill occasionally present at apex
parasternal heave due to LA enlargement behind the RV
6
Q
auscultation in MR
A
- T/C - early sysolic, pansytolic murmur maximal at apex and usually radiating towards axilla
- soft or absent S1
- LV S3 due to rapid LV filling in early diastole
7
Q
MR accentuation manoeuvres
A
valsalva - longer and louder
8
Q
causes of MR
A
mitral valve prolapse
degeneration associated with age
RHD
papillary muscle dysfunction due to LV failure or ischemia
cardiomyopathy - hypertrophic, dilated or restrictive
CT diseases
congenital
