Movements

Question 1

State the movements allowed at the glenohumeral joint

Answer 1

flexion
extension
adduction
abduction
medial rotation
lateral rotation
(combo movements of horizontal flexion + circumduction)

Question 2

Describe flexion:
plane
range + limits
muscles
functional movement

Answer 2

> Plane: sagittal plane, frontal axis
Range: 110 degrees (up to 180 = elevation via flexion)
limits: tension in latissimus dorsi/sterno head of pec major
Muscles: anterior deltoid/clav head of pec major
assisted by: biceps brachii(long head)/coracobrachialis
Functional movement: reaching in front
: arm swing phase in running

Question 3

Describe extension;
plane
range + limits
muscles
functional movement

Answer 3

> Plane: sagittal plane/frontal axis
Range: 50-70 degrees from neutral
Limits: tension in clav head of pec minor
: anterior capsular ligaments
: coracohumeral ligament
Muscles: sterno head of pec maj/ latissimus dorsi/ posterior deltoid
assisted by: long head of triceps
Functional movement: swimming
: rowing

Question 4

Describe abduction;
plane
range + limits
muscles
functional movement

Answer 4

> Plane: Frontal plane/sagittal axis
Range: 110 degrees (180 - elevation through abduction)
limits; tension in pec major/latissimus dorsi/ teres major
(if not laterally rotated greater tubercle will hit acromion)
Muscles: Supraspinatus (first 20 degrees), mid deltoid

Question 5

Describe adduction:
plane
range + limits
muscles
functional movement

Answer 5

> Plane: Frontal plane/sagittal axis
> Range: 20-30 degrees (with flexion)
Limits: side of body 
> Muscles: Latissimus Dorsi/Pec Major/Teres Major
assisted by: coracobrachialis

Question 6

Describe medial rotation:
plane
range + limits
muscles
functional movement

Answer 6

> Plane: Horizontal plane/vertical axis
Range: 90 degrees (90 degrees abduction + elbow flexion)
Limits: tension in: post deltoid, infraspinatus and teres minor
Muscles: Subscapularis/ pec major/ latissimus dorsi/ teres major/ anterior deltoid

Question 7

Describe lateral rotation:
plane
range + limits
muscles

Answer 7

> Plane: Horizontal plane/ vertical axis
Range: 80 degrees
limits: tension in medial rotators
(possibly tension in anterior capsular ligaments + coracohumeral ligament)
Muscles: post. deltoid/ infraspinatus and teres minor