Movements Flashcards
Name the movements allowed at the Knee joint
Flexion
Extension
Medial Rotation
Lateral Rotation
Describe flexion of the knee: Plane Range + Limits Muscles (+ insufficiencies) Functional activity
> Plane: Sagittal Plane/Frontal Axis
Range: 135-150 degrees
Limits:
- Soft tissue apposition (hamstring and calf/heel on bum)
- Patella tendon
- Tension in quadriceps
Muscles: Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus
Assisted by: Gastrocnemius/Plantaris/Popliteus/Sartorius/Gracilis
Insufficiencies:
- Active - Hamstrings can’t flex knee fully if hip = extended
- Passive - Rectus femoris may limit if knee= flexed and hip = extended
(+gastrocnemius insufficiencies but mostly affects ankle movement)
Functional movements: running
: kicking
Describe Extension of the knee: Plane Range + Limits Muscles (+ insufficiencies) Functional Movements
> Plane: Sagittal plane/Frontal axis
Range: 0 +/- 5 degrees
Limits:
- Post Capsule + oblique popliteal ligament
- ACL/PCL/MCL/LCL
- Tension in hamstrings/gastrocnemius
Muscles: Rectus Femoris/ Vastus Lateralis/ Vastus Intermedius/ Vastus Medialis
Insufficiencies:
- Passive: hamstrings in hip flexion + knee extension (usually reduces hip flexion)
- Active: Rectus femoris at hip flexion + knee extension (enough power in other muscles to compensate)
(+ gastrocnemius in knee extension + dorsiflexion - usually limits dorsiflexion)
Functional movements: running
: kicking
Describe Medial Rotation of the knee:
Plane
Range + Limits
Muscles (+ insufficiencies)
> Plane: Transverse plane/vertical axis
Range: 20-30 degrees (done at 90 degrees flexion)
Limits: Tension in biceps femoris
Muscles: Semitendinosus/ Semimembranosus
Assistors: Sartorius/ Gracilis/ Popliteus
Functional activity:
Describe Lateral Rotation of the knee:
Plane
Range + Limits
Muscles (+ insufficiencies)
Plane: Horizontal plane/ Vertical Axis
Range: 30-40 degrees (with knee flexed to 90)
Muscles: Biceps Femoris
Limits: Tension in medial rotators
