Movements

Question 1

Muscles that protract the scapula?

What is the prime mover/s?

Answer 1

• Serratus Anterior
• Pectoralis Major
• Pectoralis Minor

Prime Mover
- Serratus Anterior

Question 2

What muscles retract the scapula?

What are the prime mover/s?

Answer 2

• Trapezius (middle fibers)
• Rhomboids

Both are prime movers

Question 3

What muscles elevate the scapula?

What are the prime mover/s?

Answer 3

• Levator Scapulae
• Trapezius (superior fibers)
• Rhomboids

Prime Movers
- Levator Scapulae
- Trapezius (superior fibers)

Question 4

What muscles depress the scapula?

What are the prime mover/s?

Answer 4

• Trapezius (inferior fibers)
• Subclavius
• Pectoralis Minor
• Gravity

Prime Mover
- Gravity

Question 5

How many degrees can the clavicle move when protracting and retracting?

Answer 5

30 degrees each way

Question 6

How many degrees does the clavicle move in the anterior/posterior direction at the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 6

25-30 degrees

Question 7

Does the sternoclavicular joint allow for rotation?

Answer 7

Yes, but only a small amount

Question 8

Origin, insertion and action of the UPPER fibers of the Trapezius

Answer 8

Origin
- Occipital Protuberance
- Spinous Process of C7
- Nuchal Line

Insertion
- Acromion Process
- Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

Action
- Elevate scapula

Question 9

Origin, insertion and action of the MIDDLE fibers of the Trapezius

Answer 9

Origin
- Spinous process of T1 to T5

Insertion
- Superior lip of scapula spine
- Medial margin of the acromion process

Action
-Retract Scapula

Question 10

Origin, insertion and action of the LOWER fibers of the Trapezius

Answer 10

Origin
- Spinous Process of T6 to T12

Insertion
- Tubercle at the apex of the spine
of the scapula (medial)

Action
- Depress scapula
- Upward Rotation

Question 11

Origin, insertion and action of Serratus Anterior

Answer 11

Origin
- Ribs 1 to 8

Insertion
- Anterior medial border of the scapula

Action
- Protract scapula
- Holds scapula against thoracic wall

Question 12

Origin, insertion and action of Pectoralis Minor

Answer 12

Origin
- Ribs 3 to 5

Insertion
- Coracoid Process of the scapula

Action
- Protract scapula
- Depress scapula

Question 13

Origin, insertion and action of Pectoralis Major

Answer 13

Origin
- Anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle
- Anterior surface of the sternum
- Superior 6 costal cartlidges

Insertion
- Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus

Action
- Draws scapula anteriorly

Question 14

Origin, insertion and action of Rhomboids

Answer 14

Origin
- Major - spinous processes of T2 to T5
- Minor - spinous processes of C7 and T1

Insertion
- Major - medial border of the scapula between spine and inferior angle
- Minor- superior medial border of scapula

Action
- Retract scapula
- Elevates scapula
- Downward rotation of scapula

Question 15

Origin, insertion and action of Levator Scapulae

Answer 15

Origin
- Transverse processes of C1 to C4

Insertion
- Superior medial border of scapula

Action
- Elevates Scapula
- Aids in downward rotation

Question 16

Describe Scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 16

In normal scapulohumeral rhythm, for every 2 degrees of humeral elevation, the scapula contributes approximately 1 degree of upward rotation

Question 17

What muscles are involved in upward rotation of the scapula?

Answer 17

Trapezius - upper part
Trapezius - lower part
Serratus Anterior

Question 18

What muscles are involved in downward rotation of the scapula?

Answer 18

Rhomboids
Levator Scapulae
Pectoralis Minor