Movement through water

Question 1

What is swimming the product of?

Answer 1

Stroke length and Stroke frequency

Question 2

Which is the fastest stroke?

Answer 2

Front crawl

(It presents the smallest frontal area to the water less form drag and the leg kicking pattern means it is a more streamlined shape (fewer eddies are created).

Question 3

What are the causes of decreasing stroke speed?

Answer 3

Decreases in stroke length, with stroke frequency
changing less (or even increasing)

Question 4

Give a basic explanation of the butterfly stroke

Answer 4

The peak speed in butterfly swimming is greater than in the front crawl, although overall speed is lower because of a slower recovery phase.

Butterfly stroke is bilateral. This means that both sides of the body do the same motions at the same time

Question 5

Give a basic explanation of the breaststroke

Answer 5

The breaststroke is the slowest of the competitive strokes but its advantages in allowing a better view and easier breathing means it is popular amongst recreational swimmers and is an important lifesaving stroke.

Question 6

Give a basic explanation of backstroke

Answer 6

The backstroke emerged from inverted breaststroke (still used in lifesaving) and is effectively the front crawl swum supine

Question 7

What are the two forms of rowing?

Answer 7

Sweep rowing and Sculling.

The main differences is that in sweep rowing, each rower holds only one blade (oar) in both hands, whereas in sculling, all rowers hold a blade in each hand.

Question 8

What format is used in Olympic rowing?

Answer 8

Regatta where all six boats compete at the
same time. The competition distance is 2,000 m and the
fastest boat wins.

Question 9

What is the mean stroke rate for elite standard single scullers?

Answer 9

34 strokes/min

Question 10

What are the two most important determinants in rowing?

Answer 10

How far the boat moves during each stroke

How frequently they occur.

Question 11

How is propulsive force increased and drag force minimised in rowing?

Answer 11

Skin resistance
Hull resistance
Pitch resistance

Question 12

What is skin resistance?

Answer 12

The friction between the hull and water passing by the hull.

Skin resistance accounts for more than 80% of total
drag

Question 13

What is hull resistance?

Answer 13

The shape of the hull (narrower boats move more quickly).

Question 14

What is pitch resistance?

Answer 14

The orientation of the hull (skilled crews can keep the boat straighter in the water).

Question 15

When does the slowest part of the stroke occur?

Answer 15

During the exit and entry of thee blade.

Question 16

What is the most common sequencing used in rowing?

Answer 16

Rosenberg style

Question 17

The total time taken for a swimmer to complete a race is calculated how?

Answer 17

Starting time, the stroking time, the turning time (in races longer than 50 m) and the finishing time (glide towards the finish).