Movement skills (ch 1) Flashcards
classification of a skill is based on…
- predicatbility of environment (open/closed)
- precision of movement (fine, gross)
- type of movement (discrete, serial, continuous)
the 3 criteria when dertermining if open or closed
1) stability of environment (stable or unstable)
—> weather, crowd, playing surface, moving or stationary ball
2) pacing/timing of the skill (internally or externally paced)
—> opposition or individual sport, do defenders determine when you complete the skill
3) inter-trial variability (low, high)
—> is the skill performed the same or differently each time?
predictability of environment - closed motor skill
performed in a predictable, self-paced environment with low inter-trial variability.
explain how a free throw in basketball is closed motor skill
- the play is stopped (stable environment)
- throws from the same spot (low inter-trial variability)
- you determine when you move to shoot (internally paced)
predictability of environment - open motor skill
performed in a constantly changing, externally paced environment with high inter-trial variability.
explain how a field goal in basketball is open
- when player gains posession of ball based on if they have defender on them (externally paced)
- constantly changing as the game goes on (unstable environment)
- there is an opposition
precision of movement
(fine , gross)
skills can also be classified according to the number & size of muscles or muscle groups involved in the activity.
precision of movement - FINE motor skills
- involve the cooperative use of small muscle groups to produce precise & accurate movements.
- ## used when precision is important
example of FINE motor skill
shooting in archery
darts throwing
precision of movement - GROSS motor skill
- involve cooperation of large muscle actions that result in a coordinated & often powerful movement.
- Large muscle groups, generally minimal precision in movements
example of GROSS motor skills
running & swimming
- there are large muscle groups being used & large movements made
Type of movement
(discrete, serial, continuous)
type of movement - DISCRETE motor skills
involve movements of brief duration & are easily defined by a distinct begining & end
eg a throw,kick or catch
type of movement - SERIAL motor skills
series or group of discrete skills strung together to create a more complicated, skilled action
eg.
performing a gymnastics routine
or triple jump (run,hop,step,jump)
type of movement- CONTINOUS
no distinct beginning or end
EG running, walking & swimming
Fundamental movement skills
BASIC LEARNED MOVEMENT PATTERNS & FORM THE FOUNDATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FURTHER SPORT SPECIFIC SKILLS
-movement patterns that involve different body parts.
- are the foundational movements for more specialised sport-specific skills
- basis of all movements in sport.
the 4 groups of FMS according to Aus Sports Commision
Object control
locomotive skills
body control
aquatic skills
object control (FMS)
- kicking
- throwing
-catching
-hitting
locomotive skills (FMS)
- running
-hopping
-jumping
-skipping
-using a wheelchair
-using a prosthetic limb
body control (FMS)
- balancing
-tumbling
-climbing
aquatic skills (FMS)
floating
early swimming strokes
paddling
standing on surfboard
sport specific skills
use a range of fundamental movement skills in a sequence
example, a high mark in Australian Rules football requires running, jumping and catching, as well as balance to
land. For this reason, successful skill execution in sports requires well-developed fundamental movement skills
EG - catching (object control)
enabler
something or someone that has a positive effect on a persons movement skills
link between motor skill development, participation and performance
Motor skills, participation and performance are interrelated. motor skills can be an enabler or a barrier to movement.