movement of substances in and out of cells

Question 1

What is diffusion

Answer 1

The net movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration until equilibrium is reaches. Movement is random and passive

Question 2

what can diffuse

Answer 2

small molecules, glucose, amino acids, water, oxygen. Starch and protein can’t. It happens randomly so particles move both ways

Question 3

Diffusion in solids

Answer 3

Diffusion in solids can’t happen because of their fixed position

Question 4

Factors affecting diffusion

Answer 4

Distance- a shorter distance means a shorter travelling distance means quicker diffusion
Temperature- high temperature means the particles have more energy so quicker diffusion
Concentration- steeper concentration gradient means bigger distance, faster diffdion
Surface Area- large surface area mean more diffusion ares means faster diffusion

Question 5

Osmosis definition

Answer 5

Movement of water molecules from a high concentration of water molecules to a low concentration of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane

Question 6

partially permeable

Answer 6

cell membrane that lets spike types of particles through

Question 7

Dilute and concentrated solution

Answer 7

dilute- lots of water molecules to little solute particles
concentrated- little water molecules to lots of solute particles

Question 8

Hypotonic

Answer 8

solution that is less concentrated than the cells contents (very dilute)

Question 9

HYPERtonic

Answer 9

solution that is more concentrated than the cells content

Question 10

Isotonic

Answer 10

Equilibrium

Question 11

hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic in animal red blood cells

Answer 11

-in a hypotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside is less than the ones inside the cell so water moves into the cell which then bursts
-Isotonic the concentration of solutes inside is the same outside so water moves in and out at the same rate
-in a HYPERtonic the concentration of solutes outside is more than the ones inside so water moves out causing the cell to shrivel