Movement of Peoples - Transportation and Slavery Flashcards
What are the four types of migrants and what are their definitions?
Convict - a convicted person transported to serve a sentence in the British colonies
Slave - a person who is wholly the property of another person
Free settler - a person who pays their way to settle in a new country
Assisted migrant - a person who receives assistance from a government or organising to move to another country
How were convicts seen?
In the 1840’s convicts were thought to corrupt society merely by their presence and that associating with them even unknowingly involved a devastating loss of social status
Ex-convicts were not only bush workers, they were the first what? Expand.
Ex-convicts were also the first farmers. They were the backbone of agriculture during this period; for though they farmed an average of less than 10 acres each, they grew the bulk of grains that fed the colony.
What are the three main types of slavery and what are their definitions?
Indenture - A form of labour where a person is contracted to work for a specific period of time without salary.
Chattel slavery - Enslavement and ownership of human beings as property - able to be bought and sold
Debt bondage - Pledge of a person’s services as repayment of debt.
How did the Triangular Trade work and what is the history behind it?
It originated in the home country of Great Britain. Ships would sail south to Africa, then across the Atlantic ocean to the Caribbean or New England. Triangle completes by returning to Great Britain. Works in reverse but less commonly. Each of these destination shave unique/useful resources. This process made trading faster.
What are the 5 main goods being imported from America and received by Britain?
Hint: C.I.R.T.S
Cotton, Iron, Rum, Tobacco, and Sugar
Goods that were sent from Great Britain directly to Africa included what?
Hints: C.A.I
Cloth, Ammunition, and Ironware
What did Africa provide in exchange for the goods being imported to them? Where were these items snet?
They captured Native African peoples, who were transported and became slaves on plantations. They also provided spices such as pepper. These were sent across the Atlantic to either the Caribbean or America.
How did the islands of the Caribbean Sea contribute to this?
They served as sources for cane sugar and molasses, which New World merchants would make into rum. These were sold in exchange for enslaved people. These slaves were taken to the New World and sold. Slavers used the proceeds to buy mahogany and molasses, and the cycle continued.
What were the impacts of the Triangular Trade/transatlantic slave trade?
The Triangular Trade transformed the Americas:
- Large amounts of land had been seized from Native American and were not being used.
2.Europeans were looking for somewhere to invest their money. Very cheap labour was available in the form of enslaved Africans.
- The Americas became a booming new economy.
What were good things about being a convict in Australia?
Opportunities afterward: Although these people were forced migrants, great opportunities were offered to those convicts who worked hard and did not do bad.
Transportation: Many ex-convicts in Australia said that transport had provided better life than they could ever have hoped for in Britain.
Because of this, only a small percentage of convicts returned to Britain when they had completed their sentences.
Between what dates were British convicts transported to Australia as punishment?
1788 - 1868
What was the industrial revolution and how did it influence transportation?
The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Great Britain, continental Europe, and the United States, that occurred during the period from around 1760 to about 1820–1840.The result of the Industrial Revolution was a complex transport system including roads, rail, canals and the London Underground.
Why did the slave trade happen?
Because demand for cheap labour to work on plantations in the Americas grew.
