Movement in and out of cells

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

Movement of particles from a higher concentration to a lower concentration

Question 2

Factors affecting rate of diffusion

Answer 2

• Temperature
• Concentration
• Surface area
• Pressure
• Volume (indirectly proportional)

Question 3

Difffusion depends on :

Answer 3

• Concentration gradient
• Temperature
• Surface area

Question 4

Osmosis

Answer 4

Movement of particles from a higher water potential to a lower water potential

Question 5

Water potential

Answer 5

Lower - Can take in more water
Higher - Can’t take in more water

Question 6

Hypotonic

Answer 6

Cells with high water potential

Question 7

Hypertonic

Answer 7

Cells with lower water potential

Question 8

Isotonic

Answer 8

Cells with the same amount of water potential between them

Question 9

Turgid cells

Answer 9

When there is a lower water potential within the cell, there is more water that enters it and pushes the cell membrane against the cell wall - creating a rigid plant cell.

Question 10

Flaccid cells

Answer 10

When there is a higher water potential within the cell, the water leaves the cell and the cytoplasm loses water so there is no pressure that is pushing the cell membrane against the cell wall - causing it to shrink and become flaccid.

Question 11

Plasmolysed cells

Answer 11

When the cell membrane tears away from the cell wall. This is caused due to the shrinking of vacuole and cytoplasm.

Question 12

Active transport

Answer 12

Movement of particles from a lower concentration to a higher concentration using energy. This is done through transport proteins that change shape in order to move the particles. It moves against the concentration gradient.

Question 13

Where is active transport found

Answer 13

Root hair cells, kidneys, small intestine