Movement Analysis Flashcards
First class lever
Found at the elbow joint
Fulcrum in the middle
Second class lever
Found at the ankle
Resistance is in the middle
Third class lever
Majority of body’s joints
Effort is in the middle
Mechanical advantage
The benefit to a lever system of having either a short effort arm giving rapid movements and a large range of movement , or a short resistance arm hinging the advantage of being able to lift a heavy weight
Agonist
The prime mover- muscle that causes movement
Antagonist
Muscle that relaxes to allow the agonist to contract
Isotonic
Muscle action where muscle changes length- causes movement
Isometric
Muscle action where muscle stays the same length- used in balances
Concentric
Isotonic contraction where muscle shortens
Eccentric
Isotonic contraction where muscle lengthens- used to control downward movements
Sagittal plane
Forward or backward movements
Frontal plane
Side to side movements
Transverse plane
Rotational or turning movements
Sagittal plane and transverse axis
Forwards and backwards movements- extension and flexion
Frontal plane and sagittal axis
Side to side movements- abduction and adduction
Transverse plane and longitudinal axis
Rotating movements- rotations and spins
Deltoid
Muscle causing flexion at shoulder
Latissimus dorsi
Muscle causing extension at the shoulder
Biceps
Muscle causing flexion at the elbow
Triceps
Muscle causing extension at the elbow
Hamstrings
Group of muscles causing flexion at the knee
Quadriceps
Group of muscles causing extension at the knee
Hip flexors
Main agonists at hip during hip flexion
Gluteals
Main agonist at hip during hip extension
Tibialis anterior
Muscle causing dorsiflexion at ankle
Gastrocnemius
Muscle causing plantar flexion at the ankle
Rotator cuff
Group of muscles causing rotation at the shoulder
