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gcse > Cardio- Respiritory System > Flashcards

Cardio- Respiritory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Trachea

A

Carries air from mouth and nose to the lungs

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2
Q

Bronchi

A

Carries air from trachea to lungs

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3
Q

Bronchioles

A

Carry air from bronchi to alveoli

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4
Q

Lungs

A

Large, spongy organs optimised for gas exchange between our blood and the air

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5
Q

Alveoli

A

Tiny air sacs in the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange

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6
Q

Haemoglobin

A

Rig pigment found in red blood cells

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7
Q

Oxyhaemoglobin

A

Formed when oxygen combines with haemoglobin

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8
Q

Inspiration

A

Diaphragm contracts/flattens, increases chest cavity, intercostal muscles contract causing ribs to move up, reduces pressure in chest cavity

During exercise: assisted by pectorals and sternocleidomastoid muscles

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9
Q

Expiration

A

Diaphragm relaxes/return to dome shape, intercostal muscles relax causing ribs to move down, chest volume decreases, increases pressure in lungs

During exercise: assisted by abdominal muscles

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10
Q

Tidal volume

A

The volume of air breathed in or out during a normal breath at rest

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11
Q

Expiratory reserve volume

A

Additional air that is forcibly exhaled after a normal breath out

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12
Q

Inspiratory reserve volume

A

Additional air forcible inhaled after a normal breath in

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13
Q

Residual volume

A

Volume of air that remain in lungs after maximal expiration

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14
Q

Artery

A

Blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart

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15
Q

Vein

A

Blood vessel carrying deoxygenated blood towards the heart

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16
Q

Capillaries

A

Very thin blood vessels that allow gas exchange to happen

17
Q

Atria

A

Upper chambers of the heart that collect blood from veins

18
Q

Ventricles

A

Lower chambers of the heart which pump blood out of the heart to arteries

19
Q

Cardiac cycle

A

Sequence of events which happen when the heart beats

20
Q

Systole

A

The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle

21
Q

Diastole

A

The relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle

22
Q

Cardiac output

A

Heart rate x stroke volume

gcse (5 decks)

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