Movement Across the Cell Membrane Flashcards
What are the two types of transport and how are they different?
1) Passive- doesn’t require energy
2) Active- requires energy
Why can water easily move across a membrane?
Water is a small molecule that can easily diffuse through the cell membrane without using energy
Give an example of diffusion, and why does this happen.
When someone sprays perfume, it wants to reach equilibrium, so it spreads out across the entire room until it reaches equilibrium.
What is osmosis?
The movement of water across a cell membrane
What are three types of osmotic solutions?
Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic
If a cell is placed into a hypertonic solution, which way will the water move?
Out of the cell
Which direction will the water move if a cell is placed in an isotonic solution?
Water would move in and out of the cell
What happens to an animal cell when it is placed into a hypotonic solution?
What happens to an animal cell when it is placed into a hypotonic solution? It will burst
What happens to a plant cell when placed into a hypotonic solution?
The pressure from the water in the vacuole will push against the cell wall, causing it to swell
What is facilitated diffusion? Give an example of facilitated diffusion.
The movement of large molecules across a cell membrane through the use of carrier proteins; Glucose is an example of facilitated diffusion
Name and explain one example of active transport.
Movement of large/charged ions across a membrane; Animal cells pumping sodium cells and potassium ions into the cell is an example of active transport
What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?
Endocytosis- Traps food and pinches off to form a vesicle
Exocytosis- Process where wastes are moved out of the cell
What is the name for cell eating? Cell drinking?
Eating- Phagocytosis
Drinking- Pinocytosis
Cell membranes can be described as?
Semi- Permeable and Selectively- Permeable
Because of this, they are able to maintain what?
Homeostasis