Mouth

Question 0

Transformation rate of leukoplakia

Answer 0

0.6-18%

Question 1

What is leukoplakia

Answer 1

Premalignant lesion. Oral mucosal white patch that will not rub off and not attributable to any other known disease

Question 2

What is oral hairy leukoplakia

Answer 2

Shaggy white patch on the side of the tongue. Seen in HIV, caused by EBV

Question 3

Causes of severe aphthous ulcers

Answer 3

Crohn’s, coeliac, Behcet’s, trauma, erythema multiforme, lichen planus, pemphigus, pemphigoid, HSV, syphillis, Vincent’s angina

Question 4

Treatment of severe mouth ulcers

Answer 4

Pred 30-60mg/d PO
Thalidomide
Biopsy after 3wks w/out healing

Question 5

Risk factors for oral candidiasis

Answer 5

Very young/ old
DM
Abx
Immunosuppression

Question 6

Treatment of oral candidiasis

Answer 6

Nystatin 100,000u/mL /6h
Amphotericin lozenges
Fluconazole

Question 7

Causes of angular stomatitis

Answer 7

Denture problems
Candidiasis
Iron/B2 deficiency

Question 8

Causes of gingivitis

Answer 8

Poor oral hygiene 
Phenytoin/ciclosporin/nifedipine 
Pregnancy
Scurvy 
Acute myeloid leukaemia 
Vincent's angina

Question 9

Causes of microstomia

Answer 9

Burns
Epidermolysis bullosa
Systemic sclerosis

Question 10

Causes of oral pigmentation

Answer 10

Perioral brown = Peutz Jeghers
Anywhere in mouth = Addison’s or antimalarials
Malignant melanoma

Question 11

Blue line in the gum-tooth margin

Answer 11

Lead poisoning

Question 12

Causes of glossitis

Answer 12

Iron, folate or B12 deficiency

Question 13

Causes of macroglossia

Answer 13

Myxoedema, acromegaly, amyloid

Question 14

Spread of tongue cancer

Answer 14

Ant 1/3 submental
Mid 1/3 submandibular
Post 1/3 deep cervical