Mountain Building Flashcards
What is a shield volcano?
Large volcano with a gentle slope
Formed by fluid mafic lava over multiple eruptions
What is a strato-volcano
Has a steep profile, built up felsic lava
What is a cinder cone volcano?
Formed by ejected lava fragments of a small size
What is a caldera volcano?
Formed by the below ground chamber emptying quickly and collapsing
What is a fissure eruption?
Eruption where lava extrudes from narrow cracks. Cools to form columns. Can be several km thick
What is deformation?
General term for folding, faulting, shearing, compression or extension of rocks
What is a fold?
A bent layer or series of layers that where originally horizontal
Caused by plate collision
Anticlines = A shaped folds
Synclines = U shaped folds
What is a fault?
Break in a rock where movement has occurred.
Can be a dip-slip (up/down displacement)
What is a joint?
Break in the rock where no movement has occurred.
