Motovation Theories Flashcards
Who created the three needs theory, what are they A,A,P?
Mcelland
Achievement
Affiliation
Power
To motivate employees a manger should identify the needs of the employees, explain each need?
Achievement- someone who wants to accomplish goals and receive positive feedback on success e.g. praise and independent work
Affiliation- be apart of group not stand out, given personal feedback not awarded in front group
Power- want to control/influence others strive off status and recognition
Who created the two factor theory and what are the two factors?
Herzberg
Hygiene factors
Motivating factors
Explain hygiene and motivating factors?
Hygiene factor - pay, working conditions, and policies e.g. health and safety. Without them causes dissatisfaction but not motivated by them.
Motivating factors- job enrichment, recognition, praise, rewarding work and empowerment
Who created the hierarchy of needs and what are the five levels? Bottom to top
Maslow
Physiological
Safety
Social
Esteem
Self actualisation
Explain each level of the hierarchy of needs and apply to business?
Physiological- shelter, food, water so ensure good pay
Safety- stability, protection so security when entering workplace possible health insurance
Social- love and belonging, friendships so provide work parties or events e.g. sports to create social life
Esteem- respect from other and self esteem so provide bonuses celebrations, praise
Self actualisation- reaching full potential so offer freedoms to innovate, training, special projects
Would created the expectancy theory and what is the calculation?
Vroom
Expectancy x valence x instrumentality = motivation
What is each score in the expectancy theory rated between?
0-1
What is expectancy?
How likely are they to fulfil the task, resources
What is instrumentality ?
Do they believe the outcome will be received e.g. bonus will actually be given
What is valence ?
How valuable the reward is to the person
Who created a goal setting theory valuing the employees ? And what was his model called?
Drunker
Management by objectives
What did drucker believe the managers primary purpose is ?
To enable employees to perform
What did drucker strongly disagree with?
Managers being paid financial rewards for making staff redundant
What are the 5 stages of MBO?
Review organisation objective
Set objective WITH employees
Monitor
Evaluate
Reward
Who created a goal setting theory aimed at task motivation? And what were his 5 key terms ? CCCFC
Locke
Clarity
Challenge
Commitment
Feedback
Complexity
Define each of Lockes stages?
Clarity- clear measurable specific goals
Challenge - must be challenging
Commitment- take ownership to feel motivated
Feedback- managers monitory and adjusting goal if necessary
Complexity- employee must not feel out of his depth, must have resources necessary to achieve
Who published a book called in search of excellence which meant?
Peters
Trying to gain excellence from all employees
Which leadership theorist did petered agree with and why?
McGregor ( theory x and y manager) as he beloved employees should be valued and empowered
Why did peters dislike how large corporations were run?
Because they were obsessed with numbers and bureaucracy disregarding employees and people
