Motor Learning Considerations for Strength & Conditioning Flashcards
Explain motor learning
a set of processes aimed at learning and refining new skills by practicing them - learning skill and be able to repeat it with efficiency and transfer to different situations
Why is understanding motor learning important to performance?
helps improve technique (safety aspect to that), actual learning must take place to have a meaningful impact (coach should be able to turn back and know that the athlete is safe, effective, and efficient), a coach/program is only as good as the ability for the client to retain the skill
Define “motor learning” and how it’s different from performance
a relatively permanent change in the ability to execute a motor skill as a result of practice or experience vs. the act of executing a motor skill that results in a temporary, non-permanent change
What is successful learning and retention guided by?
skill presentation, error detection/correction, feedback, retention
What are the 3 stages of learning?
1) cognitive stage - beginner/novice (needs lots of guidance, not sure what’s right/wrong)
2) associative stage - intermediate/practice (can execute skill, but not necessarily elite - can give self-feedback and looks overall pretty good)
3) autonomous stage - advances/fine-tuning (elite)
What is internal vs. external focus of attention?
internal - concentrating on the body and its movements
external - concentrating on objects/actions outside of the body (manipulating objects, floor, ceiling, etc. - don’t have to interact, but still external)
Explain when to cue and provide feedback
1) cue
2) does movement
3) debrief
technical model - describe and demonstrate - not giving feedback, and giving lots of information at once
When should internal vs. external cues be used?
external - novice
internal - advanced
also depends on the individual and the situation
What is the difference between movement efficiency and movement effectiveness?
movement efficiency - measured by muscular activity, maximum force produce, speed, or endurance (quantitative)
movement effectiveness - measured by balance or accuracy (more of a judgement - usually qualitative, but can be either)
Should internal or external focus be used for hypertrophy?
internal - want more MU recruitment
Explain the difference between knowledge of performance and knowledge of results
knowledge of performance - qualitative
knowledge of results - quantitative
when learning a skill, feedback should be focused on the quality of skill performance
What effects does augmented feedback have on performance and retention?
high frequency feedback strategies = increase performance
lower frequency feedback strategies = increase retention
What are the types of feedback strategies?
continuous feedback - before during, and after
summative feedback - everything after performance
faded feedback - tapering off feedback as skill is developed more
bandwidth feedback - coach defines when athletes needs more feedback for certain parts of movement/skill
What is the premise of contextual interference?
if we can interrupt the learning process, we can learn better
What are block trials?
a number of sets and reps of a skill all completed without interruption
