Motor Learning And Control Flashcards
Physiological motor behavior
Motor control (neuromuscular control)
Emphasizes brain’s role in acquiring, planning, initiating, and modifying movement skills
Motor learning (behavioral)
Motor skills (5 things)
Goal oriented Body and/or limb movements Voluntary Developed as a result of practice May be learned, recalled, relearned, modified
Learning
Goal oriented skill that one can get better via practice or experience
Forming neural connections to form memories/skills
Stimulates change in the brain
Error
Growth in motor behavior
Motor development
Interaction of what 3 elements create movement
Task, person, environment
Young/middle aged show _________ magnitude plasticity than > 60 years of age
Greater
What is the greatest modality to promote beneficial neuropathic change with movement dysfunction is
Physical Activity
Future success in a specific skill can be easily predicted.
F
The higher the level of mental arousal, the better the performance
F
Unless a learner displays some overt changes in performance, he or she is no longer learning
F
Not all learners are motivated to learn the skills presented to them
T
Experts are always the most effective instructors
F
In order for an observer to learn a movement, the demonstration must be performed corrctly
F
Practice makes perfect
F
The more frequently a practitioner provides feedback to the learner, the greater the gains in learning
F
1 or 2-dimensional taxonomies to classify motor tasks
Represent a continuum between 2 extremes (not just hot and cold)
Movement precision
Gross motor and fine motor
Gross motor vs fine motor
Less emphasis on precision in gross motor
3 nature of movement organization
Discrete skill
Continuous skill
Serial skill
Discrete skill
Single execution completes task
Beginning and ending are well defined
Flipping on a light switch
Continuous skill
Typically rhythmic or repetitive in nature
Beginning and end are arbitrary or environmentally defined
Trail running
Serial skill
Requires series of movements to complete task
Collective sequence of discrete skills
Order is IMPORTANT
EX running a route
Environmental predictability
Open skill
Closed skill
Closed skill
High level of predictability
Environmental context features are stationary
CONSISTENCY and REFINEMENT are the objectives
EX classroom setting
Open Skill
Variable and unpredictable environment
Adaptability is essential
EX Soccer match
During early learning, a ____ environment may be beneficial
Closed
With advanced learning, _____ environment may be better as it provides a greater variability for greater diversification
Open
Gentile’s Two-Dimensional Taxonomy
Environment and Action
Study Gentile’s Two-Dimensional Taxonomy
Do it
