Motor Control: Exam 3- Aging and Mobility Flashcards
What percent of adults over 75 who have had an injurious fall acquire a fear of falling?
48%
What happens to 26% of adults after an injurious fall that increases their fall risk?
Avoid situations that require refined balance skills
What percent of brain mass decreases by 80 years old?
70%
What is a key structural marker of aging in the nervous system?
Synaptic loss
What happens to neurotransmitters and nerve conduction as we age?
Decreased
What happens to reaction time as we age?
Decreases
What happens to vestibular hair cells as we age?
Decrease
What happens to vestibular ganglion nerve fibers as we age?
Decrease
What happens to the VOR as we age?
Changes due to degeneration in sensory receptors
What happens to the otoconia as we age?
Degenerate
What happens as a result of otoconia degeneration as we age?
Increase risk of BPPV
When does the risk of BPPV peak?
60 years old
How does the affects of age affect the vestibular system compared to other systems?
Decreased affect compared to other systems
How are senses affected by age?
All senses worsened with age
What is a primary issue related to cognitive changes as we age?
Decreased ability to dual task
What are predictors for the extent of fear of falling?
Preferred walking space
Anxiety
Depression
What are the two primary causes of slow gait?
Conscious strategy
Physical constraints
How do head movements during gait change as we age?
Decreased vertical head movement increased lateral head movement
What happens to EMG activation during gait?
Increased
How does stride length differ in older adults?
Shorter, especially as speed increases
How does stride width differ in older adults?
Wider
How does out toeing differ in older adults?
Increased
What happens to stance phase in older adults?
Increased
What happens to swing phase as we age?
Decreased
