Motivation to work

Question 1

Maslow 1970

Answer 1

Need theories-hierarchy of needs

Question 2

Alderfer 1972

Answer 2

Need theories-ERG theory (Existence needs; Related ness needs; Growth needs)

Question 3

McClelland 1965

Answer 3

Need theories-Achievement motivation (Need of achievement; Need for affiliation; Need for power)

Question 4

Locke&Latham 1984

Answer 4

Cognitive theories-goal-setting theory

Question 5

Vroom 1964

Answer 5

Expectancy theory: Motivation=expectancy x instrumentality x valence
Expectancy-the perception of how much effort relates to performance
Instrumentality-the perception of how much effort will be rewarded
Valence-the perception of the strength or the size of the reward as well as the extent to which this reward is needed or wanted

Question 6

Adams 1963

Answer 6

Equity theory: workers bring certain things to the job, such as skills, qualifications, energy, enthusiasm, and effort. These are referred to as INPUT and may be perceived or actual. Workers expect certain things from their job, including pay, recognition, involvement and many other benefits, all referred to as outcomes and again these may be perceived or actual.
Inequity can be two types: underpayment or overpayment.
Workers compare themselves to different people and find ways to reach a state of equity.