Motivation to Work Flashcards
What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory?
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory suggests that motivation is driven by a hierarchy of needs ranging from physiological needs to self-actualization needs.
What is ERG theory?
ERG theory, by Alderfer in 1972, suggests that human needs can be grouped into three categories: existence, relatedness, and growth.
What is achievement motivation?
Achievement motivation refers to the drive to attain goals and master tasks, and was studied by McClelland in 1965.
What is goal-setting theory?
Goal-setting theory, by Latham and Locke in 1984, suggests that motivation arises from setting specific, challenging goals that are linked to feedback and reward.
What is VIE (expectancy) theory?
VIE (expectancy) theory, by Vroom in 1964, suggests that motivation is determined by the expected outcomes of behaviour and the probability of achieving those outcomes.
What is equity theory?
Equity theory, by Adams in 1963, suggests that people are motivated by a sense of fairness and equality in their relationships with others.
What is intrinsic motivation?
The motivation comes from within through the actual performance of the task rather than the consequences of it. Eg enjoyment, sense of satisfaction, feeling of contribution and achievements.
What is extrinsic motivation?
The motivation from the consequences of the task. Eg money, promotion and bonuses.
What is a pay reward system?
Can be linked to performance- the harder you work or faster you complete tasks, the higher pay you will receive.
What is a profit reward system?
A percentage of the profit is shared by all the workers. It gives a sense of belonging and increases motivation.
What is a bonus?
Additions to salaries.
What are non-monetary rewards?
Includes praise, recognition, respect, empowerment, and a sense of belonging, and are often used to motivate employees in addition to financial rewards.
What are rewards?
Rewards are promised since the start, this affects your extrinsic motivation as you work for salary.
What is recognition?
Recognition is not promised from the start but rather when a worker is recognised for their contributions or achievements. E.g.: letter of thanks from employer for a job well done, ‘employee of the month’ etc.
de Waal and Jansen (2011)
summarizes a number of research findings.
(Yao, 1997): They cited studies demonstrating that over half the growth in productivity in Chinese State industries could be attributed to the use of bonuses. (Belfield & Marsden, 2005): studies demonstrating the positive effects of performance-related pay.
