Motivation Theories

Question 1

FW Taylor’s Motivation Theory

Answer 1

Belief in the ‘Economic Man’- man is solely motivated by money

Question 2

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Motivation Theory

Answer 2

Based on the theory that we are motivated by what we need- our actions are dependent on our needs

Question 3

Herzberg (motivation-hygiene) Motivation Theory

Answer 3

Based on two factor

Motivating factors

Higher motivation when present

E.g. Challenging/meaningful work recognition

Real motivation comes through interesting and challenging work

Hygiene factors

Do not motivate

Demotivate if not present

E.g. Salary, fringe, benefits

E.g. High salaries can lower dissatisfaction but will not lead to higher levels of motivation- This is because high salaries are quickly taken for granted

Question 4

Adams (Equity Theory) Motivation Theory

Answer 4

Based on the belief that workers are motivated by a feeling of fairness

I.e. they should get out of the job (e.g. salary, achievement) equal to what they put in (e.g. effort, skill, commitment)

Question 5

Pink’s Motivation Theory

Answer 5

Autonomy

• Self-direction and control

Mastery

• Become an expert

Purpose

• Connecting to meaning and a larger cause

Meaning