Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych 100- Learning/Motivation/Emotion > Motivation & Emotion > Flashcards

Motivation & Emotion Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Motivation Theories/Concepts: Motives

A

Motives= needs, wants, desires, leading to goal-directed behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Motivation Theories/Concepts: Drive Theories

A

Drive Theories= seeking homeostasis; temperature changes or hunger/low energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Motivation Theories/Concepts: Incentive Theories

A

Incentive Theories= regulation by external stimuli (trophies, money, etc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Motivation Theories/Concepts: Evolutionary Theories

A

Evolutionary Theories= maximizing reproductive success (anything that allows us to survive and continue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Biological Factors of Motivation: general

A

originally thought was the size of the stomach, but even those with stomach removed due to conditions still got hungry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Biological Factors of Motivation: Brain Regulation

A
  • lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus
  • paraventricular nucleus
  • arcuate nucleus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Biological Factors of Motivation: Glucose and Digestive Regulation

A
  • glucose theory

- glucose monitored in the brain by glucostats (neurons sensitive to glucose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Biological Factors of Motivation: Hormonal Regulation

A
  • insulin (high levels increase hunger) and leptin (high levels and hunger diminishes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Environmental Factors in Hunger: Learned preferences and Habits

A
  • exposure
  • when, as well as what
  • who you eat with changes how much you eat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Environmental Factors in Hunger: Food-related cues

A
  • appearance
  • odor
  • effort required
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Environmental Factors in Hunger: Stress

A

link between heightened arousal/negative emotion and overreating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Eating and Weight- The roots of Obesity

A
  • evolutionary explanations
  • genetic predisposition (BMI and adoption study, twins studies suggest 61% variability)
  • the concept of set point/settling point
  • dietary restraint eaters (refrain often, think about it often. reduces inhibition like alcohol, then they eat and often binge)
  • eating disorders
  • sometimes when dieting, slip up, throw whole day out window since its “too late”, indulging with diet timing a factor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Evolutionary Motivation for Food

A
  • evolved to avoid starvation (attracted to calorie rich foods, ability to store foods as fats)
  • food high in saturated fats widely available (paradoxical effect of making the brain less sensitive to chemical messenger to stop eating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Motivation for Food

A
  • gain weight (increase # and size of fats cells)
  • lose weight (decrease size of fat cells only)
  • more susceptible to gaining weight than losing
  • dieting results in decrease in metabolism (each round of dieting= more efficient fat storing, more evidence for the idea of a natural set weight of body)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

BMI and Twins

A
  • identical twins whether raised together or not have same or similar BMI with a .7-.75 correlation
  • fraternal twins whether raised together or not, have a low to moderate correlation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sexual Motivation and Behavior part 1

A
  • hormonal regulations (estrogen, androgens, testosterone)
  • evolutionary factors
  • parental investment theory
  • gender differences in sexual activity
  • gender differences in mate preferences
17
Q

Sexual Motivation and Behavior part 2

A
  • Across history in species (women more invested in genetics being passed with carry for 9 months and birth and feed, higher risk of death)
  • evolutionary function in prevalence in orgasm in men, much lower chance of reproduction if not
18
Q

Sexual Motivation and Behavior part 3

phrase hint- men choose widely, women choose wisely

A
  • males more likely to succeed in reproduction due to many partners
  • women more likely to succeed in selective partners
  • generally men have higher importance for physical attractiveness than ladies, often an indication of fertility (hip to wait ratio, youthful etc) women often look for more resources and good person in their fertility desires
19
Q

The Mystery of Sexual Orientation

A
  • a continuum of hetero– bi– homosexual
  • theories explaining homosexuality (no evidence to support behavioral or freudian theories, more biological evidence)
  • twin studies
  • –identical- one gay, other 50% chance
  • – fraternal- one gay, other 25% chance
  • – adoptive = by chance, 0% connection
20
Q

The Need to Belong: the Affiliation Motive

A
  • affiliation
  • ostracism
  • fear of rejection
21
Q

Achievement

A
  • achievement motive= need to excel
  • work harder and more persistent
  • delay gratification
  • pursue and succeed in competitive careers
  • situational determinants on achievement behaviors
  • stable personality traits (need for achievement in balance with fear of failure, both high, both low, one and one)
  • level of motivation relates to interest or care
22
Q

Emotional Experiences

A
  • high fear, decrease or increase motivation, value of tasks links emotion and motivations
23
Q

Emotional Experiences: Cognitive Component

A
  • subjective conscious experience

- positive psychology

24
Q

Emotional Experiences: Physiological Component

A
  • bodily (autonomic) arousal

- affective neuroscience

25
Q

Emotional Experiences: Behavioral Component +

A
  • non-verbal expressiveness

+ culture and the elements of emotion

26
Q

Emotion Theories: James-Lange

A
  • feel afraid because of pulse racing
  • stimuli, physiological arousal, awareness of emotion
  • james= william james, founding father of psych in USA
27
Q

Emotion Theories: Cannon-Bard

A
  • thalamus sends signals simultaneously to the cortex and the autonomic nervous system
  • perceive stimulus and simultaneously feel physiological and conscious experience
28
Q

Emotion Theories: Schachter and Singer

A
  • emotions
  • – different interpretations of patterns of bodily activity
  • – based on interferences about the cause of physiological arousal
  • look to external cues to decide what to feel
29
Q

Emotion Theories: Evolutionary Theories

A
  • innate reactions with little cognitive interpretation
30
Q

Universality of Expression- Pro Hypothesis (we all feel same no matter where or who)

A
  • people born blind still smile when happy
  • 2 day old babies still show disgust when lemon on tongue
  • preliterate cultures or dot speak same language recognize western concepts of emotion (anger, disgust, fear, happy, sad, surprise)
31
Q

Universality of Expression- Against Hypothesis (we all feel same no matter where or who)

A
  • members of the Himba tribe srt some emotion pictures differently
  • south fore have difficulty with fear vs surprise
32
Q

Happiness correlation

A
  • correlated with Happiness
  • – income, age, attractiveness, parenthood, intelligence (low correlation)
  • – physical health, good social relationships, religious faith, culture (mid correlation)
  • – love, marriage, work satisfaction (high correlation)
  • subjective rather than objective reality important

Psych 100- Learning/Motivation/Emotion (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions