Motivation Concepts Flashcards
Motivation
The processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal
Intensity
How hard a person tries
Direction
Where the effort is channeled
Persistence
How long a person can maintain effort
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Physiological
Safety-security
Social-belongingness
Esteem
Self-actualization
More recently added: intrinsic values
In which, as each need is substantially satisfied, the next need becomes dominant
Hertzberg’s two-factory theory
A theory that relates intrinsic factors to job satisfaction and associates extrinsic factors with dissatisfaction. Also called motivation-hygiene theory
Hygiene factors
Factos - such as company policy and administration, supervision, and salary - that, when adequate in a job, placate workers. When these factors are adequate, people will not be dissatisfied
McClelland’s theory of needs
A theory that states achievement, power, and affiliation are three important needs that help explain motivation
Need for achievement (nAch)
The drive to excel, to achieve in relationship to a set of standards, and to strive to succeed
Need for power (nPow)
The need to make others behave in a way in which they would not have behaved otherwise
Need for affiliation (nAff)
The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
Self-determination theory
A theory of motivation that is concerned with the beneficial effects of intrinsic motivation and the harmful effects of extrinsic motivation
Cognitive evaluation theory
A version of self-determination theory in which allocating extrinsic rewards for behavior that had been previously intrinsically rewarding tends to decrease the overall level of motivation if the rewards are seen as controlling
Self-concordance
The degree to which people’s reasons for pursuing goals are consistent with their interests and core values
