Motivation And Work Flashcards
Instinct
A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned.
Motivation
A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.
Drive-reduction theory
The idea that a psychological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.
Homeostasis
A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level.
Incentives
A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior.
Hierarchy of needs
Maslow’s pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active.
Glucose
The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.
Set point
The point at which and individuals “weight thermostat” is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight.
basal metabolic rate
The body’s resting rate of energy expenditures.
Anorexia nervosa
An eating disorder in which a person (usually an adolescent female) diets and becomes significantly (15% or more) underweight,yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve.
Bulimia nervosa
An eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting or excessive exercise.
Binge-eating disorder
Significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory purging, fasting or excessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa.
