Motion Graphs Flashcards

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1
Q

Instantaneous Speed

A

The speed at a single point in time (car speed cameras) record instantaneous speed

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2
Q

Average Speed

A

total distance / total time

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3
Q

Gradient on d/t graph

A

Speed of the object

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4
Q

Steep constant gradient (d/t)

A

Fast constant speed

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5
Q

Shallow constant gradient (d/t)

A

Gentle constant speed

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6
Q

Zero Gradient (d/t)

A

Stationary

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7
Q

Increasing gradient (d/t)

A

Acceleration

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8
Q

Decreasing gradient (d/t)

A

Deceleration

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9
Q

Gradient on v/t graph

A

Acceleration

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10
Q

Steep constant gradient (v/t)

A

Fast constant acceleration

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11
Q

Shallow constant gradient

A

Gentle constant acceleration

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12
Q

Zero gradient

A

No acceleration → constant speed

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13
Q

Negative gradient

A

Deceleration

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14
Q

Distance Travelled

A

Area under v/t graph

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15
Q

Benefits of using light gates

A

Remove human reaction times from measuring time → much smaller uncertainty

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16
Q

How Light Gates work

A
  • Beam of infrared light passes between two sensors
  • When first beam is broken data logger starts stopwatch
  • Stopwatch stops when second beam is broken
  • Measuring distance between light gates allows average speed to be calculated
17
Q

Thinking Distance

A

Distance travelled while the driver is reacting to stimulus

18
Q

Braking Distance

A

Distance travelled from start of braking to stationary

19
Q

Factors affecting thinking distance

A

Drugs, alcohol, tiredness, mobile phone use

20
Q

Factors affecting braking distance

A

Speed of vehicle, mass of vehicle, condition of brakes/tyres/road, ice/water on road

21
Q

Stopping Distance

A

Thinking distance + Braking distance

22
Q

Final Velocity

A

v^2 = u^2 + 2as

23
Q

S
U
V
A
T

A

distance
initial velocity
final velocity
acceleration
time