Motion, Energy, & Newton's Laws

Question 1

What is an equation’s use?

Answer 1

Equations are used to calculate quantities, using mathematical concepts

Question 2

What is the equation for average speed?

Answer 2

Speed = distance/time

Question 3

Define speed

Answer 3

How fast the position of an object moves over time (scalar quantity)

Question 4

Why do we use “average speed”?

Answer 4

Most things do not travel at a consistent speed (unless they are on cruise control) so average is used

Question 5

What is instantaneous speed?

Answer 5

How fast an object is travelling at a particular moment. ie - reading speed from a speedometer.

Question 6

Is average speed and speed the same?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

What units are speed measured in?

Answer 7

m/s (metres per second) or km/h (kilometers per hour)

Question 8

If something is stationary, it is…

Answer 8

Stationary relative to us

Question 9

What is a scalar quantity

Answer 9

Numerical value (eg. weight, speed, “70km/h”)

Question 10

What is a vector quantity

Answer 10

Speed and direction (eg. “80km/h going North”)

Question 11

How to get m/s to km/h?

Answer 11

x3.6

Question 12

How to get km/h to m/s?

Answer 12

/3.6

Question 13

What is velocity?

Answer 13

Speed with direction (eg. 5 km/h South)

Question 14

What is the equation for velocity?

Answer 14

Same as speed (s=d/t)

Question 15

What is the equation for distance?

Answer 15

Distance = speed x time

Question 16

What is the equation for time?

Answer 16

Time = distance / speed

Question 17

What is acceleration?

Answer 17

Increasing change in motion, increase in speed

Question 18

What is deceleration?

Answer 18

Decreasing speed

Question 19

Name types of relevant graphs

Answer 19

Distance/Time, Displacement/Time
(and speed/time but not as relevant)

Question 20

In Distance/Time graph, what does a horizontal line mean?

Answer 20

Stationary

Question 21

In a graph, what does a upward curve mean

Answer 21

Accelerating

Question 22

In Distance/Time graph, what does a leveling curve mean

Answer 22

Slowing/stopping

Question 23

In Distance/Time graph, what does a increasing line mean

Answer 23

Constant, fast speed

Question 24

In a displacement/time graph, what does a horizontal line mean

Answer 24

STATIONARY

Question 25

What is mass?

Answer 25

The quantity of matter in a given object

Question 26

What can mass be measured by?

Answer 26

Kg, G

Question 27

What is mass vs weight?

Answer 27

Weight is mass relative to gravity, mass is amount of matter in object

Question 28

What are forces measured in?

Answer 28

N = Newtons

Question 29

What are some examples of forces?

Answer 29

Gravity, thrust, friction, elastic tension

Question 30

What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth?

Answer 30

Approximately 10m/s/s

Question 31

How many laws did Newton theorize?

Answer 31

3

Question 32

What does an object's inertia depend on?

Answer 32

Speed and Mass

Question 33

What is the law of inertia?

Answer 33

A body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion will remain in motion unless an UNBALANCED force acts upon it

Question 34

What is the law of acceleration?

Answer 34

An object travelling in a straight line will continue to do so unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

Question 35

What is the law of interaction?

Answer 35

When two bodies interact, they apply forces to one another that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

Question 36

What impacts acceleration?

Answer 36

Size of force, mass of object

Question 37

What quantity is acceleration measured in?

Answer 37

m/s/s (meters per second per second)

Question 38

How do you calculate acceleration?

Answer 38

V - V0 (initial velocity) / time

Question 39

What is energy measured in?

Answer 39

Joules = J

Question 40

Examples of energy

Answer 40

elastic, kinetic, gravitational potential

Question 41

What are the two categories of energy?

Answer 41

Kinetic, potential

Question 42

Name examples of kinetic energy types

Answer 42

Heat, light, sound

Question 43

Name examples of potential energy

Answer 43

Gravitational, elastic, chemical

Question 44

What is energy transformation?

Answer 44

Energy goes from one energy type to another. EG: Kinetic to heat, gravitational potential to kinetic

Question 45

What is energy transfer?

Answer 45

Energy is maintained but transferred/shifted from one object to another EG: Punching a bag - kinetic energy transfer from fit to bag

Question 46

What is EPgrav, and how is it calculated?

Answer 46

Gravitational potential energy: Mass (kg) x Gravity (N) x Height (m)

Question 47

What is EK, and how is it calculated?

Answer 47

Kinetic energy: 1/2 x Mass x Velocity²

Question 48

How is EPgrav increased?

Answer 48

With increased height

Question 49

How is EK increased?

Answer 49

With increased speed

Question 50

How is EPelastic increased?

Answer 50

With increased bending, stretching, or compression

Question 51

What is the Law of Conservation?

Answer 51

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transformed or transferred.

Question 52

How can energy transfer appear?

Answer 52

Through heat, light (sparks), and mechanical (collision). No energy is lost, just transformed.

Question 53

What is an action force?

Answer 53

Refers to the force exerted by one object on another object in a particular interaction.

Question 54

What does a reaction force do?

Answer 54

Acts in the opposite direction to the action force.